聖人

See also: 圣人

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

		holy; sacred; saint holy; sacred; saint; sage	man; person; people
trad. (聖人)		聖	人
simp. (圣人)		圣	人

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shèngrén

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-I) / шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-0)
Cantonese (Jyutping): sing³ jan⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): seng³ reng¹
Eastern Min (BUC): séng-ìng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sèng-jîn / sèng-lîn
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵sen-zen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shèngrén → shèngren (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ → ㄕㄥˋ ˙ㄖㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shèngre̊n
  - Wade–Giles: shêng⁴-jên⁵
  - Yale: shèng-ren
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenq.ren
  - Palladius: шэнжэнь (šɛnžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ɻən³⁵/ → /ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ɻən¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-I) / шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-0)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂəŋ⁴⁴ ɻəŋ²⁴/, /ʂəŋ⁴⁴ ɻəŋ⁰/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sing³ jan⁴
  - Yale: sing yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sing³ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xing³ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ³³ jɐn²¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: seng³ reng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /səŋ⁴⁵ ɻəŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: séng-ìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋiŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: sìng-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seangjiin
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zin¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zin²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: sìng-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seangliin
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lin²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sen-zen
  - MiniDict: sen^去 zen
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sen-zen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən³³ zən⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: syengH nyin

Rime
Character	聖	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	式正切	如鄰切
Baxter	syengH	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiᴇŋ^H/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɛŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiæŋ^H/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕiajŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ɕiɛŋ^H/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɕĭɛŋ^H/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯ɛŋ^H/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shèng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing³	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥eŋ-s ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljeŋs njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	聖	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shèng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ syeng^H ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥eŋ-s/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	sage (n.)	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	聖	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11391	10800
Phonetic component	聖	人
Rime group	耕	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	聖	仁
Old Chinese	/*hljeŋs/	/*njin/
Notes	甲金文象人張耳對口會耳聰意，非呈聲

Noun

聖人

sage; wise man
(Christianity) saint
(archaic) the Emperor
(Buddhism) enlightened individual; Buddha; bodhisattva

Synonyms

(sage): 至人 (zhìrén)
(saint): 聖徒／圣徒 (shèngtú); (Dungan) олия (oliia)

Derived terms

Proper noun

聖人

(honorific) Alternative name for 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ, “Confucius”).

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (聖人):

→ Japanese: 聖(しょう)人(にん) (shōnin); 聖(せい)人(じん) (seijin)
→ Korean: 성인(聖人) (seong'in)
→ Vietnamese: thánh nhân (聖人)

Pronunciation 2

	holy; sacred; saint holy; sacred; saint; sage	man; person; people
trad. (聖人)	聖	人
simp. (圣人)	圣	人
alternative forms	聖儂／圣侬

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siàⁿ-lâng

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàⁿ-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: siànn-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sviarlaang
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /siã²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /siã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /siã²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /siã¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /siã²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/

Noun

聖人

(Southern Min, euphemistic) dead person
做聖人／做圣人 [Hokkien] ― chò sèng-jîn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to die

Synonyms

edit

亡人 (wángrén) (literary)
亡者 (wángzhě) (literary)
往生者 (wǎngshēngzhě) (Buddhism, euphemism)
故人 (gùrén) (literary)
死人 (sǐrén)
死者 (sǐzhě)
瓜碼子 / 瓜码子 (gua¹ ma³ zr) (Xiang)
逝者 (shìzhě) (literary)

Antonyms

edit

活人 (huórén)
活人子 (Xiang)
生者 (shēngzhě)

Japanese

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聖人 on Japanese Wikipedia

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
聖	人
せい Grade: 6	じん Grade: 1
kan'on

Kanji in this term
聖	人
しょう Grade: 6	にん Grade: 1
goon

From 聖 (shō, sei, “holy; sacred”) +‎ 人 (nin, jin, “person”), from Chinese 聖人 / 圣人 (shèngrén).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːɲ̟ĩɴ]
(Tokyo) しょーにん [shóꜜònìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])

IPA^(key): [se̞ːʑĩɴ]
(Tokyo) せーじん [sèéjíń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) せーじん [séꜜèjìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]

Noun

聖(しょう)人(にん) • (shōnin) ^{←しやうにん (syaunin)^?}

(Buddhism) a term used to refer to Buddha or a bodhisattva
(Buddhism) an enlightened Buddhist

(alternative reading hiragana せいじん, rōmaji seijin)

a sage; a wise man
a saint; a holy man
- 2008 July 16 [2008 January 23], Hikaru Nakamura, “その３　もうひとつの楽園(パラダイス) [Chapter 3: Just Another Paradise]”, in 聖(セイント)☆おにいさん [Saint☆Young Men], 6th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha:
  お客様成人男性２名ですと８千円ですが……
  あじゃあその——
  聖人男性２枚で……
  O-kyaku-sama seijin dansei ni-mei desu to hachisen-en desu ga……
  A jā sono——
  Seijin dansei ni-mai de……
  It would be 8,000 yen for 2 adult men(seijin), sirs……
  Oh, in that case——
  We’d like 2 holy man(seijin) tickets, please……

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
聖	人
まさ Grade: 6	と Grade: 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

聖(まさ)人(と) • (Masato)

a male given name

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“^△聖人”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
聖	人

Noun

聖人 • (seong'in) (hangeul 성인)

hanja form^? of 성인 (“saint; holy man”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
聖	人

Noun

聖人

chữ Hán form of thánh nhân (“sage”)

[NHK-1] 1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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