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肆

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 四, 䦉, and 亖
肆 U+8086, 肆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8086
← 肅
[U+8085] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 肇 →
[U+8087]

Translingual

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Han character

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肆 (Kangxi radical 129, 聿+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸戈中手 (SILQ), four-corner 75707, composition ⿰镸聿)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 971, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29226
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1423, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3167, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8086

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 肆
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (隶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
曃 *l̥ʰɯːds
埭 *l'ɯːds
逮 *l'ɯːds, *l'ɯːds
靆 *l'ɯːds
齂 *hmrɯːds, *hmrɯds, *mrɯːd
棣 *l'ɯːds
隸 *rɯːds
肆 *hljɯds
蕼 *hljɯds
肂 *hljɯds
殔 *lɯds
隶 *lɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljɯds): semantic 镸 + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 肆
2nd round simp. ⿰长四
alternative forms 𨽸

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 肆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 脂 (15)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 息利切
Baxter sijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/siɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/siH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sjɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/siH/
Li
Rong 		/siH/
Wang
Li 		/siH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/siH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		sì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		si3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 肆
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-ləp-s/
English unrestrained

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 肆
Reading # 1/1
No. 7961
Phonetic
component 		隶
Rime
group 		隊
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		四
Old
Chinese 		/*hljɯds/
Notes 說文右從隸聲，
漢碑隸變爲此

Definitions

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肆

  1. (literary, or in compounds) impudent; undisciplined
  2. (literary, or in compounds) shop; store; stall
Synonyms
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  • (shop):

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 肆
alternative forms 𨽸
䦉

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sé - vernacular;
  • sé̤ṳ - literary.
Note:
  • sì - vernacular;
  • sù/sìr - literary.

Definitions

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肆

  1. (financial) Alternative form of 四 (“four”) (used in official documents or checks to avoid forgery)

See also

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Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小寫 / 小写) 		〇, 零, 空 一, 蜀 二, 兩 / 两 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬 / 万,
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) 		百萬 / 百万,
桶(Philippines),
面桶 (Philippines) 		億 / 亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫 / 大写) 		零 壹 貳 / 贰 參 / 叁 肆 伍 陸 / 陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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肆

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. (financial, archaic) four
  2. shop or store
  3. selfish, self-indulgent

Readings

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  • Go-on: し (shi, 肆)
  • Kan-on: し (shi, 肆)
  • Kun: いちくら (ichikura, 肆)、いちぐら (ichigura, 肆)、ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 肆)、みせ (mise, 肆)
  • Nanori: のぶ (nobu, 肆)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
肆
し
Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 肆 (MC sijH).

The numeral sense is a substitute spelling for 四(し) (shi, “four”), likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 肆 (“four”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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肆(し) • (shi) 

  1. (financial, archaic) the number four, 4 (used only in legal documents, otherwise 四)
Usage notes
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Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji. For instance, 二 (ni, “two”) could be modified to look like 四 (shi, “four”), but it cannot be modified to look like 肆 (shi, “four”, in legal contexts).

See also

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  • 大字(だいじ) (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)
v • d • e
Japanese numbers
NumberKanjiKanaRomaji
0零れい、ゼロrei, zero
1一、壱、弌、壹いちichi
2二、弐、貳、貮にni
3三、参さんsan
4四、肆よん、しyon, shi
5五、伍ごgo
6六、陸ろくroku
7七、漆なな、しちnana, shichi
8八、捌はちhachi
9九、玖きゅう、くkyū, ku
10十、拾じゅうjū
100百、陌、佰ひゃくhyaku
1,000千、阡、仟せんsen
10,000一万、万、一萬、萬いちまん、まんichiman, man
100,000,000一億、億いちおく、おくichioku, oku

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
肆
いちくら
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
市座

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [it͡ɕiɡɯ̟ɾa̠]

Noun

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肆(いちくら) or 肆(いちぐら) • (ichikura or ichigura) 

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 肆 – see the following entries.
【縦ほしいまま】6
[adjective] selfish, at will
[adjective] arbitrary
Alternative spellings
恣, 擅, 欲しい儘, 欲しい侭
(This term, 肆, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 四, 店.)

Korean

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Hanja

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肆 (eum 사 (sa))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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肆: Hán Nôm readings: tứ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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