腐

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腐 U+8150, 腐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8150
← 腏
[U+814F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腑 →
[U+8151]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

腐 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 00227, composition ⿸府肉)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 987, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2933, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8150

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 腐

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鉜 *bu
跗 *po, *bos
柎 *po
腑 *poʔ
俯 *poʔ
府 *poʔ
付 *pos
咐 *pos
怤 *pʰo
泭 *pʰo, *bo
姇 *pʰo
紨 *pʰo
拊 *pʰoʔ
弣 *pʰoʔ
符 *bo
苻 *bo
坿 *bo, *bos
腐 *boʔ
附 *bos
駙 *bos
鮒 *bos
袝 *bos
蚹 *bos
胕 *bos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boʔ): phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • Sixian:
    • fû - to become powdery from decay;
    • fu - in 豆腐.
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • bô - vernacular;
    • hô - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • hū - vernacular;
    • hú - literary.
    Note: hu7 - used in 豆腐.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 腐
    Mandarin Beijing /fu²¹⁴/
    Harbin /fu²¹³/
    Tianjin /fu¹³/
    Jinan /fu⁴²/
    Qingdao /fu⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /fu⁵³/
    Xi'an /fu⁵³/
    Xining /fv̩⁵³/
    Yinchuan /fu⁵³/
    Lanzhou /fu⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /fu⁵¹/
    Wuhan /fu⁴²/
    Chengdu /fu⁵³/
    Guiyang /fu⁴²/
    Kunming /fu⁵³/
    Nanjing /fu²¹²/
    Hefei /fu²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /fu⁵³/
    Pingyao /xu⁵³/
    Hohhot /fu⁵³/ ～竹
    /fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～
    Wu Shanghai /ɦu²³/
    /vu²³/
    Suzhou /vu³¹/
    Hangzhou /vu¹³/
    Wenzhou /vøy²²/
    Hui Shexian /fu³⁵/
    Tunxi /fu³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /fu⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /ɸu⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /fu²¹³/ 豆～
    Hakka Meixian /fu⁵³/ 豆～
    Taoyuan /fu³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fu²²/
    Nanning /fu²²/
    Hong Kong /fu²²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hu⁵³/
    /hu²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pou²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xu²¹/
    /xu⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /hu³³/
    /hu³⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /fu³¹/ ～敗
    /hu²³/ 豆～
    Rime
    Character 腐
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 並 (3)
    Final (韻) 虞 (24)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 扶雨切
    Baxter bjuX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bɨoX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bioX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/bioX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buə̆X/
    Li
    Rong         		/bioX/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯uX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		fu6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 腐
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fǔ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ bjuX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[b](r)oʔ/
    English rotten

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 腐
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3524
    Phonetic
    component         		付
    Rime
    group         		侯
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		父
    Old
    Chinese         		/*boʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    腐

    1. to rot; to decay; to spoil
    2. stale; antiquated; inflexible
    3. tofu; bean curd
      豆腐  ―  dòufǔ  ―  tofu
      腐乳  ―  fǔrǔ  ―  fermented bean curd
    4. (historical) castration (as a form of punishment)
    5. (ACG, often attributive) yaoi; boys' love; BL
      腐女  ―  fǔnǚ  ―  fujoshi

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Isan: ฟุย
    • → Lao: ຟຸຍ (fu nya)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    腐

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
    2. to speak ill of

    Readings[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Compounds

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 腐 (MC bjuX).

    Hanja[edit]

    腐 (eumhun 썩을 부 (sseogeul bu))

    1. Hanja form? of 부 (“rot, decay, spoil”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    腐: Hán Nôm readings: hủ, phụ

    1. chữ Hán form of hủ (“to spoil, to rot”).

    Derived terms[edit]

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