膽

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See also: 胆
膽 U+81BD, 膽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81BD
← 膼
[U+81BC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 膾 →
[U+81BE]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese 胆
Simplified 胆
Traditional 膽

Han character[edit]

膽 (radical 130, 肉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月弓金口 (BNCR), four-corner 77261, composition ⿰月詹)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 995, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29933
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1446, character 34
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2117, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+81BD

Chinese[edit]

trad. 膽
simp. 胆
Wikipedia has articles on:
• 膽 (臟腑) (Written Standard Chinese?)
• Gallbladder (English)

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 膽
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
膽-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (詹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
甔 *toːm, *taːm, *taːms
擔 *taːm, *taːms
儋 *ʔl'aːm
聸 *taːm
膽 *taːmʔ
黵 *taːmʔ, *tjamʔ
澹 *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms
憺 *daːmʔ, *daːms
瞻 *tjam
詹 *tjam
蟾 *tjam, *djam
噡 *tjam
譫 *tjam, *daːb, *tjaːb
幨 *tʰjam, *tʰjams
襜 *tʰjam, *tʰjams
韂 *tʰjams
贍 *djams
檐 *lam
簷 *lam
舚 *tʰeːm, *tʰeːms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːmʔ): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • táⁿ - vernacular;
  • tám - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 膽
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 談 (143)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 都敢切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/tɑmX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/tɑmX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tɑmX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/tamX/
    Li
    Rong         		/tɑmX/
    Wang
    Li         		/tɑmX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tɑmX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dǎn
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 膽
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dǎn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tamX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[t]ˤamʔ/
    English gall

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 膽
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16751
    Phonetic
    component         		詹
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		膽
    Old
    Chinese         		/*taːmʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    膽

    1. (anatomy) gallbladder
      膽囊 / 胆囊  ―  dǎnnáng  ―  gall bladder
    2. (figuratively) guts; courage; bravery; strength
      大膽 / 大胆  ―  dàdǎn  ―  bold
      冇膽鬼 / 冇胆鬼 [Cantonese]  ―  mou5 daam2 gwai2 [Jyutping]  ―  coward
    3. inner container; liner (of a thermos); bladder (of a ball)

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 膽

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		胆

    Kyūjitai

    		膽

    Kanji[edit]

    膽

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 胆)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    膽 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    膽 (đảm)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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