膽
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See also: 胆
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Translingual[edit]
Japanese | 胆 |
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Simplified | 胆 |
Traditional | 膽 |
Han character[edit]
膽 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月弓金口 (BNCR), four-corner 77261, composition ⿰月詹)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 995, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29933
- Dae Jaweon: page 1446, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2117, character 7
- Unihan data for U+81BD
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 膽 | |
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simp. | 胆 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 膽 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːmʔ): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam).
Etymology[edit]
Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007); compare Proto-Vietic *lɔːm, Proto-Katuic *lɔɔm, Proto-Bahnaric *kləːm, etc. from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ləəm ~ *t₁luəm "liver".
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
膽
- (anatomy) gallbladder
- 魏兵爭欲報讎,共剖維腹,其膽大如雞卵。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14th century CE
- Wèibīng zhēng yù bàochóu, gòng pōu wéi fù, qí dǎn dà rú jīluǎn. [Pinyin]
- The Wei soldiers, craving vengeance, competed [to wreak it], and they sliced open [Jiang] Wei's belly; his gallbladder was as big as a hen's egg.
魏兵争欲报雠,共剖维腹,其胆大如鸡卵。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (figuratively) guts; courage; bravery; strength; nerve
- 先主明旦自來至雲營圍視昨戰處,曰:「子龍一身都是膽也。」 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Pei Songzhi, Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 5th century CE
- Xiānzhǔ míngdàn zì lái zhì yún yíng wéi shì zuó zhàn chù, yuē: “Zǐlóng yīshēn dōu shì dǎn yě.” [Pinyin]
- The next day, the Former Master himself came to [Zhao] Yun's camp and surveyed the battlefield from the day before; he said: "Zilong is full of courage."
先主明旦自来至云营围视昨战处,曰:“子龙一身都是胆也。” [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- inner container; liner (of a thermos); bladder (of a ball)
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 膽
Japanese[edit]
胆 | |
膽 |
Kanji[edit]
膽
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 胆)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Readings[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 膽 (MC tɑmX).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 담〯 (Yale: tǎm) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] | ᄡᅳᆯ게 (Yale: psùlkèy) | 담 (Yale: tàm) |
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ta̠(ː)m]
- Phonetic hangul: [담(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja[edit]
膽 (eumhun 쓸개 담 (sseulgae dam))
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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