誼

See also: 谊

誼 U+8ABC, 誼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ABC ← 誻 [U+8ABB] CJK Unified Ideographs 誽 → [U+8ABD]

Translingual

Han character

誼 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, Cangjie input 卜口十月一 (YRJBM), four-corner 0361₇, composition ⿰訁宜)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1166, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35605
• Dae Jaweon: page 1631, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3992, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8ABC

Chinese

trad.		誼
simp.		谊
alternative forms		竩 𧧼

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (多) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
多	*ʔl'aːl
哆	*ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs
跢	*ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds
痑	*ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn
爹	*daːʔ, *tjaː
陊	*l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ
橠	*naːlʔ
袲	*naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
奓	*ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls
栘	*ɦljeːl, *lal
黟	*ʔleːl, *ʔlil
趍	*sʰlo, *l'al
誃	*l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ
簃	*l'al, *lal
眵	*ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal
恀	*ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ
侈	*l̥ʰjalʔ
姼	*l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ
鉹	*l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
垑	*l̥ʰjalʔ
袳	*l̥ʰjalʔ
卶	*l̥ʰjals, *hljals
宜	*ŋral
誼	*ŋrals
竩	*ŋrals
移	*lal
迻	*lal
扅	*lal
拸	*lal, *lalʔ
熪	*lal
謻	*lal
蛥	*ɢljad

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋrals): semantic 言 + phonetic 宜 (OC *ŋral).

Etymology

In some lects, the pronunciation of 誼／谊 is the same as that of 宜 (i.e. in the light level tone (陽平／阳平)). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì, yí

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ, ㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴ / ji⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngì

  (Hailu, HRS): ngi

• Eastern Min (BUC): ngiê
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi⁵ / gi²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): gī / gî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngi³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yí
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yí
    • Wade–Giles: i²
    • Yale: yí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ji⁴ / ji⁶
    • Yale: yìh / yih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴ / ji⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴ / yi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹/, /jiː²²/

Note:

• ji4 - common variant;
• ji6 - prescribed.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngi^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngi²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngi
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiɛ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gi⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki²¹/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gi²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki²⁴/

Note:

• gi5 - literary;
• gi2 - vernacular (俗讀).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gī / gî
    • Tâi-lô: gī / gî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gi, gii
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡi⁴¹/, /ɡi²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²³/

Note:

• gī - literary;
• gî - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ngi³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngì
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋi²¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjeH

Rime
Character	誼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	宜寄切
Baxter	ngjeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋjiə̆H/
Li Rong	/ŋjeH/
Wang Li	/ŋǐeH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrals/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	誼
Reading #	1/1
No.	2678
Phonetic component	多
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	議
Old Chinese	/*ŋrals/

Definitions

誼

1. friendship

   友誼／友谊  ―  yǒuyì  ―  friendship

2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 義 / 义 (yì)

   • 知自貴於物，然後知仁誼。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     知自贵于物，然后知仁谊。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Zhī zì guì yú wù, ránhòu zhī rényì. [Pinyin]

     Having understood that one's very self is dearer than any external object, one then begins to understand charity and morality.

3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 議 / 议 (yì)

Compounds

• 世誼 / 世谊
• 交誼 / 交谊 (jiāoyì)
• 交誼舞 / 交谊舞 (jiāoyìwǔ)
• 厚誼 / 厚谊
• 友誼 / 友谊 (yǒuyì)
• 友誼商店 / 友谊商店 (yǒuyì shāngdiàn)
• 友誼賽 / 友谊赛 (yǒuyìsài)
• 同聲之誼 / 同声之谊
• 同舟之誼 / 同舟之谊
• 地主之誼 / 地主之谊
• 寅誼 / 寅谊
• 年誼 / 年谊
• 恩誼 / 恩谊
• 情誼 / 情谊 (qíngyì)
• 戚誼 / 戚谊 (qīyì)
• 氣誼 / 气谊
• 氣誼相投 / 气谊相投 (qìyìxiāngtóu)
• 深情厚誼 / 深情厚谊 (shēnqínghòuyì)
• 清風高誼 / 清风高谊
• 略盡情誼 / 略尽情谊
• 睦誼 / 睦谊
• 羊左之誼 / 羊左之谊
• 聯誼 / 联谊 (liányì)
• 聯誼會 / 联谊会 (liányìhuì)
• 舊誼 / 旧谊
• 行誼 / 行谊
• 誼不容辭 / 谊不容辞
• 誼主 / 谊主
• 誼士 / 谊士
• 誼母 / 谊母
• 鄉誼 / 乡谊
• 雲天高誼 / 云天高谊
• 高情厚誼 / 高情厚谊
• 高誼 / 高谊

References

• “誼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

誼

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. friendship
2. closeness; intimacy

Readings

• Go-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kan-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kun: よい (yoi, 誼い)、よしみ (yoshimi, 誼)

References

• “^▲誼”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

誼 (eum 의 (ui))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

誼: Hán Nôm readings: nghị

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation