負

See also: 负

負 U+8CA0, 負 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA0 ← 貟 [U+8C9F] CJK Unified Ideographs 財 → [U+8CA1]

Translingual

Han character

負 (radical 154, 貝+2, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓月山金 (NBUC), four-corner 2780₆, composition ⿱⺈貝(GHTJV) or ⿱勹貝(K))

References

• KangXi: page 1204, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36660
• Dae Jaweon: page 1665, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3623, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8CA0

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Chinese

trad.		負
simp.		负

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (負) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
負	*bɯʔ
萯	*bɯʔ
蝜	*bɯʔ
偩	*bɯʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fu
• Min Bei (KCR): hū
• Min Nan (POJ): hù / hū / hǔ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: fù
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
    • Wade–Giles: fu⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
    • IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fu⁶
    • Yale: fuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /fuː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴
    • IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hū
    • IPA ^(key): /xu⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hù
    • Tâi-lô: hù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hux
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū
    • Tâi-lô: hū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hu
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hu³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hu²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ
    • Tâi-lô: hǔ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu²²/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 負
Mandarin	Beijing	/fu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/fu²⁴/
	Tianjin	/fu⁵³/
	Jinan	/fu²¹/
	Qingdao	/fu⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/fu³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fu⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/fu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fu¹³/
	Ürümqi	/fu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/fu³⁵/
	Chengdu	/fu¹³/
	Guiyang	/fu²¹³/
	Kunming	/fu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/fu⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/fu⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fu⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xu³⁵/
	Hohhot	/fu⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/fu³⁵/ /vɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/vu³¹/
	Hangzhou	/vu¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vu³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/fu²²/
	Tunxi	/fu⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/fu⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɸu⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/fu²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/fu⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/fu⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fu²²/
	Nanning	/fu²²/
	Hong Kong	/fu²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hu²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/hou²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hu³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/fu³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨu^X/▼

Rime
Character	負
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/biuX/
Shao Rongfen	/biəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwX/
Li Rong	/biuX/
Wang Li	/bĭəuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*bɯʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	負
Reading #	1/1
No.	3558
Phonetic component	負
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	婦
Old Chinese	/*bɯʔ/

Definitions

負

1. load, burden, to rely on
2. carry, bear
3. negative (mathematics, situation, and so on)
4. to betray
5. to repudiate

Compounds

Derived terms from 負

• 一決勝負／一决胜负
• 不分勝負／不分胜负 (bùfēn shèngfù)
• 不勝負荷／不胜负荷
• 不堪負荷／不堪负荷
• 不負／不负
• 不負所托／不负所托
• 不負眾望／不负众望 (bùfù-zhòngwàng)
• 使蚊負山／使蚊负山
• 倚負／倚负
• 分層負責／分层负责
• 勝負／胜负 (shèngfù)
• 千鈞重負／千钧重负
• 反裘負芻／反裘负刍
• 反裘負薪／反裘负薪
• 含冤負屈／含冤负屈
• 墮負／堕负
• 夙負盛名／夙负盛名
• 大展抱負／大展抱负
• 好欺負／好欺负
• 如牛負重／如牛负重
• 如虎負嵎／如虎负嵎
• 如釋重負／如释重负
• 子路負米／子路负米
• 孤負／孤负
• 巔峰負載／巅峰负载
• 徒負虛名／徒负虚名
• 忍辱負重／忍辱负重
• 忘恩負義／忘恩负义 (wàng'ēnfùyì)
• 披裘負薪／披裘负薪
• 抱負／抱负 (bàofù)
• 抱負水準／抱负水准
• 搭負／搭负
• 擔負／担负 (dānfù)
• 擔負公徒／担负公徒
• 文責自負／文责自负
• 棄璧負嬰／弃璧负婴
• 欺負／欺负 (qīfu)
• 民負／民负
• 決勝負／决胜负
• 流動負債／流动负债
• 生死不負／生死不负
• 矜功負勝／矜功负胜
• 矜功負氣／矜功负气
• 矜智負能／矜智负能
• 矜能負才／矜能负才
• 肉袒負荊／肉袒负荆
• 肩挑背負／肩挑背负
• 肩負／肩负 (jiānfù)
• 背負／背负 (bēifù)
• 自負／自负 (zìfù)
• 自負不凡／自负不凡
• 若釋重負／若释重负
• 虎負嵎／虎负嵎
• 虧負／亏负
• 蚊力負山／蚊力负山
• 蚊負／蚊负

• 襁負／襁负
• 詭負葛藤／诡负葛藤
• 謇諤自負／謇谔自负
• 負乘致寇／负乘致寇
• 負俗／负俗
• 負債／负债 (fùzhài)
• 負債累累／负债累累
• 負傷／负伤 (fùshāng)
• 負像／负像
• 負利率／负利率
• 負命／负命
• 負固／负固 (fùgù)
• 負固不悛／负固不悛
• 負固不服／负固不服
• 負國／负国
• 負圖之托／负图之托
• 負土成墳／负土成坟
• 負壺灌區／负壶灌区
• 負子鼠／负子鼠
• 負屈／负屈
• 負屈含冤／负屈含冤
• 負屈銜冤／负屈衔冤
• 負山戴岳／负山戴岳
• 負嵎／负嵎
• 負嵎頑抗／负嵎顽抗
• 負弩／负弩
• 負弩先驅／负弩先驱
• 負影／负影
• 負後像／负后像
• 負德／负德
• 負心／负心 (fùxīn)
• 負心人／负心人 (fùxīnrén)
• 負心違願／负心违愿
• 負情／负情
• 負戈／负戈
• 負成長／负成长
• 負戴／负戴
• 負所得稅／负所得税
• 負扆／负扆
• 負手／负手
• 負手板／负手板
• 負才／负才
• 負才任氣／负才任气
• 負才使氣／负才使气
• 負擔／负担 (fùdān)
• 負數／负数 (fùshù)
• 負日之暄／负日之暄
• 負暄／负暄
• 負極／负极 (fùjí)
• 負氣／负气
• 負氣仗義／负气仗义
• 負氣鬥狠／负气斗狠
• 負水／负水
• 負片／负片
• 負疚／负疚 (fùjiù)

• 負石赴河／负石赴河
• 負笈／负笈 (fùjí)
• 負笈千里／负笈千里
• 負笈從師／负笈从师
• 負笈擔簦／负笈担簦
• 負約／负约 (fùyuē)
• 負累／负累 (fùlěi)
• 負罪／负罪 (fùzuì)
• 負義／负义
• 負義忘恩／负义忘恩
• 負羽／负羽
• 負老提幼／负老提幼
• 負老攜幼／负老携幼
• 負荊／负荆 (fùjīng)
• 負荊請罪／负荆请罪 (fùjīngqǐngzuì)
• 負荷／负荷 (fùhè)
• 負荷量／负荷量
• 負薪／负薪
• 負薪之憂／负薪之忧
• 負薪之疾／负薪之疾
• 負薪之病／负薪之病
• 負薪之議／负薪之议
• 負薪之資／负薪之资
• 負薪救火／负薪救火
• 負薪裘／负薪裘
• 負號／负号 (fùhào)
• 負虧／负亏
• 負謗／负谤
• 負責／负责 (fùzé)
• 負責人／负责人 (fùzérén)
• 負載／负载 (fùzài)
• 負載開關／负载开关
• 負進／负进
• 負郭／负郭
• 負重／负重
• 負重涉遠／负重涉远
• 負重致遠／负重致远
• 負阻／负阻
• 負隅／负隅
• 負隅頑抗／负隅顽抗 (fùyúwánkàng)
• 負離子／负离子
• 負電／负电 (fùdiàn)
• 負面／负面 (fùmiàn)
• 負騙／负骗
• 負鼎／负鼎
• 負鼎之願／负鼎之愿
• 買臣負薪／买臣负薪
• 辜恩負義／辜恩负义
• 辜負／辜负 (gūfù)
• 逋負／逋负
• 連帶負擔／连带负担
• 違恩負義／违恩负义
• 重負／重负
• 銜冤負屈／衔冤负屈
• 鼇背負山／鼇背负山

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Japanese

Kanji

負

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to lose
2. to defeat
3. to carry

Readings

• Goon: ぶ (bu)
• Kan’yōon: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kun: おう (ou, 負う, Jōyō); まける (makeru, 負ける, Jōyō); まかす (makasu, 負かす, Jōyō); たのむ (tanomu, 負む)

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Korean

Hanja

負 • (bu) (hangeul 부)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

負 (phụ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.