金石

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Chinese

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metal; gold; money rock; stone; 10 pecks
simp. and trad.
(金石)
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Pronunciation

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Note: gim1 zioh8 - "Jinshi" (Chaoyang accent).

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (28) (25)
Final () (140) (123)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter kim dzyek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠiɪm/ /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚim/ /d͡ʑiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiem/ /d͡ʑiæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kjim/ /d͡ʑiajk̚/
Li
Rong
/kjəm/ /ʑiɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/kĭĕm/ /ʑĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯əm/ /ʑi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jīn shí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gam1 sik6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jīn shí
Middle
Chinese
‹ kim › ‹ dzyek ›
Old
Chinese
/*k(r)[ə]m/ /*dAk/
English metal, bronze stone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 6679 11470
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*krɯm/ /*djaɡ/
Notes

Noun

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金石

  1. metal and stone
  2. inscriptions on ancient bronzes and stone tablets
  3. (music) bells and chime stones used in ancient Chinese music
  4. (figurative) hardness and strength; adamant

Derived terms

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Proper noun

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金石

  1. () Jinshi (a town in Chao'an district, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China)

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
きん
Grade: 1
せき
Grade: 1
kan'on

From Chinese 金石 (jīnshí).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(きん)(せき) (kinseki

  1. [from 9th century] metal and stone, mineral
  2. (figurative, by extension) (something) very strong, hard
    金石(きんせき)(まじ)わり
    kinseki no majiwari
    a rock-solid relationship
  3. [from 11th century] a metal or stone vessel; (especially) a musical instrument made of gold or stone, such as a bell or qing (Chinese stone chime)
  4. [from 19th century] a message to posterity engraved in metal or stone; an inscription

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
かな
Grade: 1
いし
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Superficially of (かな) (kana, metal) + (いし) (ishi, stone).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(かな)(いし) (kanaishi

  1. (regional, Chiba prefecture) andesite (volcanic rock of intermediate composition)
    Synonym: (standard) 安山岩 (anzangan)
  2. (regional, Nagano to Kyoto prefecture) a stone, a rock
  3. (regional, Shizuoka prefecture) native copper, copper mineral
    Synonym: (standard) 自然銅 (shizendō)