閂

See also: 闩

閂 U+9582, 閂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9582 ← 閁 [U+9581] CJK Unified Ideographs 閃 → [U+9583]

Translingual

Han character

閂 (radical 169, 門+1, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一 (ANM), four-corner 7710₇, composition ⿵門一)

1. bolt
2. latch
3. crossbar

References

• KangXi: page 1330, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41211
• Dae Jaweon: page 1834, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4282, character 3
• Unihan data for U+9582

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Chinese

trad.		閂
simp.		闩

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 門 (“gate”) + 一 ― a crossbar (一)* over a gate (門); sealing it closed
*The character 一 means one, but is only used as a form component here.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shuān (shuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saan¹
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): soan / chhòaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cuan³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄢ
    • Wade–Giles: shuan1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuan
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shuan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂwän⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: saan¹
    • Yale: sāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: san¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /säːn⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
    • Tâi-lô: suan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tshuànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhvoax
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuã¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡sʰuã²¹/

Note:

• soan - literary;
• chhòaⁿ - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cuan³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuàⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰũã²¹³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 閂
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂuan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/suan²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂuan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/fã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/fɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʂuan⁴⁴/ /fan⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/suan⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/suan¹³/
	Guiyang	/suan²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʂuaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʂuæ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/suæ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/suɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/suæ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/sø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/sø⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sz̩ʷõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/sø³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye³¹/
	Tunxi	/suːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyan³³/
	Xiangtan	/sɔn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/sɵn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰon⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰon²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/san⁵³/
	Nanning	/san⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/san⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/suan⁵⁵/ /sŋ̍⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/souŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰuã²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/suaŋ³³/

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• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11931
Phonetic component	閂
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	𣠯
Old Chinese	/*sqʰroːn/
Notes	𣟴今字，實與闗同根

Definitions

閂

1. bolt; latch; crossbar
2. to bolt; to latch
3. (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close; to switch off; to turn off

Compounds

• 上閂／上闩 (shàngshuān)
• 門閂／门闩 (ménshuān)

• 閂門／闩门 (shuānmén)

• 關門落閂／关门落闩

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典)

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Japanese

Kanji

閂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. gate bar

Readings

• Go-on: さん (san)
• Kan-on: さん (san)
• Kun: かんぬき (kannuki, 閂)^{←くわんぬき (kwannuki, historical)}

Etymology

閂 (kannuki) a wooden crossbar used as a latch

Kanji in this term
閂
かんぬき Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

/kwan no ki/ → /kwanːoki/ → /kwanːuki/ → /kanːuki/

Shift from 貫の木 (kan no ki, literally “1-kan (3.75-kilogram/8.267-pound) wood”) or 関の木 (kan no ki, literally “wooden barrier”), possibly influenced by 貫 (nuki, “wooden beam used in joinery”).

Alternative forms

• 貫木 (uncommon)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) かんぬ​き [kàńnúꜜkì] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • (Tokyo) かんぬき​ [kàńnúkíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])
  • IPA^(key): [kã̠nːɯ̟ᵝkʲi]

Noun

閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) (historical hiragana くわんぬき)

1. a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch

   Synonym: 貫木 (kangi)

2. (sumo) a sumo grip in which one athlete wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 閂(かんぬき)差(ざし), 閂(かんぬき)差(ざ)し (kannuki-zashi)
• 閂(かんぬき)止(どめ), 閂(かんぬき)止(ど)め (kannuki-dome)

Proper noun

閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) (historical hiragana くわんぬき)

1. a surname