陷

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See also: 陥
陷 U+9677, 陷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9677
← 陶
[U+9676] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 陸 →
[U+9678]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

陷 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中弓竹X (NLNHX), four-corner 77277, composition ⿰阝臽)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1354, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41707
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4140, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9677

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 陷
alternative forms
 
陥
䧟
𨺻
臽
埳 ‡
陥
䧟
𨺻
臽
埳 ‡
𨺂 ‡

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 陷
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (臽) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
萏 *l'oːmʔ
窞 *l'oːmʔ
惂 *kʰloːmʔ
輡 *kʰloːmʔ
錎 *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms
埳 *kʰloːmʔ
臽 *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms
淊 *ɡloːmʔ, *qroːm, *qroːms, *lomʔ
欿 *ɡloːmʔ
蜭 *ɡloːmʔ, *ɡluːms
啗 *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
鵮 *ʔr'oːm, *kʰroːm, *kʰroːms
餡 *ɡroːms
陷 *ɡroːms
爓 *ljom, *loms
諂 *l̥ʰomʔ
讇 *l̥ʰomʔ
閻 *lom
焰 *loms
壛 *lom
櫩 *lom
燄 *lomʔ
掐 *kʰroːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡroːms): semantic 𨸏 + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms).

Originally written 臽.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • xie3 - literary;
  • han3 - vernacular.
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
    • Note:
    • 3hhi - literary;
    • 3hhe - vernacular.
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 陷
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕian⁵¹/
    Harbin /ɕian⁵³/
    /ɕyan⁵³/
    Tianjin /ɕian⁵³/
    Jinan /ɕiã²¹/
    Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ɕian³¹²/
    Xi'an /ɕiã⁵³/
    Xining /ɕiã²¹³/
    Yinchuan /ɕian¹³/
    Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /ɕian²¹³/
    Wuhan /ɕiɛn³⁵/ ～害
    /xan⁴²/
    Chengdu /xan¹³/
    /ɕian¹³/
    Guiyang /ɕian²¹³/
    /xan²¹³/
    Kunming /ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
    Nanjing /ɕien⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕie⁴⁵/ 下～
    /xæ̃⁴⁵/ ～在泥裡
    Pingyao /ɕiɑŋ³⁵/
    Hohhot /ɕie⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
    /ɦie²³/
    Suzhou /ɦiɪ³¹/
    Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞¹³/
    Wenzhou /ɦa²²/
    Hui Shexian /ɕie²²/
    /xɛ²²/
    Tunxi /siɛ⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /xan⁵⁵/
    Xiangtan /han⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /han²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /ham⁵³/
    Taoyuan /hɑm⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /ham²²/
    Nanning /ham²²/
    Hong Kong /hɐm²²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ham²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hɑŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xaŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /ham³¹/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ham³³/
    Rime
    Character 陷
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 咸 (151)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 戸韽切
    Baxter heamH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦˠɛmH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦᵚæmH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣɐmH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦəɨmH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣɐmH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣɐmH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɣămH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		haam6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 陷
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ hɛmH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ɢ]ˁromʔ-s/
    English fall into a pit

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 陷
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13556
    Phonetic
    component         		臽
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		陷
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡroːms/
    Notes 臽轉註字

    Definitions[edit]

    陷

    1. to submerge; to sink; to plunge
    2. to be captured
    3. to breach; to break through; to make a breakthrough
    4. trap (device designed to catch animals)
    5. to frame; to entrap; to set up; to bring up someone on false charges
    6. to sink
    7. fault; defect; drawback

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to breach):
    • (trap): 陷阱 (xiànjǐng)
    • (to frame):
    • (fault):

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		陥

    Kyūjitai

    		陷

    Kanji[edit]

    陷

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 陥)

    1. fall into
    2. cave in
    3. fall (castle)
    4. slide into

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 陷 (MC heamH). Recorded as Middle Korean 함〯 (hǎm) (Yale: ham) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    陷 (eumhun 빠질 함 (ppajil ham))

    1. Hanja form? of 함 (“fall into”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    陷: Hán Nôm readings: hãm, hẳm, hỏm, hoắm, hóm

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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