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U+96C0, 雀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96C0

[U+96BF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+96C1]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 172, +3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火人土 (FOG), four-corner 90214, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1364, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41954
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4091, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+96C0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (small) + (bird) – a small bird, a sparrow.

In the current form, the upper part looks like , but what looks like the bottom stroke of is actually the upper left stroke of , extended.

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • chhiok/chhiak/chiok - literary;
  • chiah/chehⁿ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 雀盲);
  • chioh, chhek - vernacular.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ciag4 / ziah4 / ziaoh4 / ziouh4
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiak / tsiah / tsiauh / tsiouh
    • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiak̚²/, /t͡ɕiaʔ²/, /t͡ɕiauʔ²/, /t͡ɕiouʔ²/
Note:
  • ciag4 - literary;
  • ziah4 - vernacular;
  • ziaoh4/ziouh4 - dialectal (e.g. 雀盲) (ziouh4 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵¹/
    /t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹⁴/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰiau²¹³/
    /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹/
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰyə⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sʰyo²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/
    Xining /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
    /t͡ɕʰye¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/
    /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰyɤ⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰio²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰio²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰio³¹/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/
    /t͡ɕʰiɯ²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/ 麻~
    /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/ ~兒
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡sʰiɑʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰa²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiɔʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /t͡siun²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰio²⁴/
    Xiangtan /t͡sʰio²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡siok̚¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡siok̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sœk̚³/
    Nanning /t͡sʰœk̚³³/
    Hong Kong /t͡sœk̚³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
    /t͡siaʔ³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡siauʔ²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /siɔk̚⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (13)
    Final () (107)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter tsjak
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡sɨɐk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /t͡siɐk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡siɑk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /t͡sɨak̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡siak̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡sĭak̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /t͡si̯ak̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jue
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zoek3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    què
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ tsjak ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ts]ewk/
    English sparrow

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10745
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ʔsewɢ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. sparrow, especially the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
    2. small bird
    3. (literary) dark red; brownish red
    4. (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) bird (Classifier: c)
      [Cantonese]  ―  zoek3 dau3 [Jyutping]  ―  bird nest
    5. (Cantonese, Jinhua Wu, colloquial) penis (Classifier: c)
      [Cantonese]  ―  lou6 zoek3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to expose one's penis
    6. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. sparrow

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    すずめ
    Jinmeiyō
    kun’yomi

    Etymology[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (すずめ) (suzume

    1. a Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus)

    Synonyms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (jak) (hangeul , revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: tước

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.