雷

雷 U+96F7, 雷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F7 ← 零 [U+96F6] CJK Unified Ideographs 雸 → [U+96F8]

雷 U+F949, 雷 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F949 ← 賂 [U+F948] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 壘 → [U+F94A]

Translingual

Han character

雷 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, Cangjie input 一月田 (MBW), four-corner 1060₃, composition ⿱⻗田)

Derived characters

• 擂, 㵢, 䢮, 檑, 礌, 鐳 (镭), 鱩, 鿨, 蕾, 䍣, 癗, 靐, 䨻

Additional derived characters

• 𲑓, 𡀂, 𪤠, 𡢽, 𱚀, 𤢗, 𣰑, 𤐝, 𱯩, 𫩍, 𥋸, 𲷜, 𦆙, 𱺭, 𧒽, 𳁺, 𨆢, 𨎿, 𱏰, 𩍢, 𩑆, 𳋺, 𥩉
• 𲒶, 𳉐, 𰊴, 𫑪, 𣀀, 𰀞, 𮦞, 𤮚, 𬰉, 𬧾, 𮦰, 𮦯, 𮦳, 𩆢, 𱁤, 𨙝, 𩁦, 𪆼, 𩇆
• 𫶘, 𥵉, 𡃷, 𤴑, 𨷏, 𩂾, 𱁗, 𩃙, 𮦟, 𧒜, 𩅎

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42245
• Dae Jaweon: page 1881, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4060, character 2
• Unihan data for U+96F7

• Unihan data for U+F949

Chinese

trad.		雷
simp. #		雷
alternative forms		畾 𡈶 𩇓 ancient 𤴐 ancient 𩂩 ancient 畾 𡈶 𩇓 ancient 𤴐 ancient 𩂩 ancient 𤳳 ancient 䨓 ancient 𩄣 ancient 靁 ancient 㗊 ancient 𤴑 ancient

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (畾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
摞	*roːl, *roːls
騾	*roːl
螺	*roːl
蔂	*roːl, *rul
虆	*roːl, *rul
瘰	*roːlʔ
礌	*ruːl, *ruːls
雷	*ruːl
擂	*ruːl, *ruːls
攂	*ruːl, *ruːls
礧	*ruːll, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls
儡	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls
瓃	*ruːl, *rul, *ruls
櫑	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ
鑘	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ
鐳	*ruːl
畾	*ruːl
轠	*ruːl, *rulʔ
罍	*ruːl
蕾	*ruːlʔ
癗	*ruːlʔ
磥	*ruːlʔ
累	*ruːls, *rolʔ, *rols
儽	*ruːls, *rul
樏	*rolʔ, *rul
鸓	*rul, *rulʔ
嫘	*rul
纍	*rul, *ruls
欙	*rul
纝	*rul
壘	*rulʔ
櫐	*rulʔ
蘽	*rulʔ
藟	*rulʔ
讄	*rulʔ

Ancient simplification of 靁, which was a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ruːl): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl).

Etymology

The Northern Min initial s- may be due to the loss of a pre-initial which might have been a velar considering dialect forms in Henan, Hebei and Shanxi, e.g. Taiyuan Jin 忽雷 (hueh4 lui1) (Schuessler, 2007).

Perhaps from Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo râwl (“voice; cry (of an animal); sound”), Tibetan ཁྲོལ (khrol).

• (spoiler): Clipping of 捏他八雷 (niētābāléi), from Japanese ネタバレ (netabare).
• (loyalty): by homophony of 二 (ji⁶, “two”) and 義 / 义 (ji⁶, “spirit of loyalty”).
• (to lay off): from Phono-semantic matching of English lay off.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): léi (lei²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nui²

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): luí

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): luí

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): луй (luy, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): leoi⁴

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): ngui⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lui³

  (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): lui⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): lui⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lùi

  (Hailu, HRS): lui

  (Meixian, Guangdong): lui²

  (Changting, Changting Pinyin): lue²

• Jin (Wiktionary): lui¹
• Northern Min (KCR): lô / sô
• Eastern Min (BUC): lài / lòi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lui²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lûi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lui⁵

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): lui⁵

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): lui⁴
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶le / ²le / ⁴le / ²loe / ²lei / ²lai / ²li / ²leu / ²lae
  • (Jinhua): ²lae
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): lei²

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): lue²

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): lui²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: léi
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: léi
    • Wade–Giles: lei²
    • Yale: léi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lei
    • Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nui²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nuei²¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: luí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luei²⁴/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: luí
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): lui²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luəi²⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: луй (luy, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luei²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: leoi⁴
    • Yale: lèuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loey⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵy̯²¹/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: ngui⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋui²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lui³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui²²/
  • (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
    • Jyutping++: lui⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui⁴²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: lui⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lùi
    • Hakka Romanization System: lui^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lui²
    • Sinological IPA: /lu̯i¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: lui
    • Sinological IPA: /lui⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: lui²
    • Sinological IPA: /luɪ¹¹/
  • (Changting)
    • Changting Pinyin: lue²
    • Sinological IPA: /lue²⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: lui¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /luei¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lô / sô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo³³/, /so³³/

Note:

• lô - literary;
• sô - vernacular.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lài / lòi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ai⁵³/, /l̃øy⁵³/

Note:

• lài - vernacular;
• lòi - literary.

• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: lui²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lúi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui¹³/
  • (Xianyou, Fengting, Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: lui²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Longyan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lûi
    • Tâi-lô: luî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luii
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /lui²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /lui¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangpu): /lui²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Longyan): /lui¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Taipei, Philippines): /lui²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lui⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lûi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui⁵⁵/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: lui⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /lui²²/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: lui⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lui²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶le
    • MiniDict: le^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³le
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /le²³/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou, Kunshan, Jingjiang, Jiaxing, Haining, Haiyan, Deqing, Shaoxing, Cixi)
    • Wugniu: ²le
    • MiniDict: le^平
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /le³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /le²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /lei¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /le²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /le³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /le¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /le³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Deqing): /lɛ²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /le²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Cixi): /le¹⁴/
  • (Northern: Chuansha)
    • Wugniu: ⁴le
    • Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /le²¹³/
  • (Northern: Jiading)
    • Wugniu: ²loe
    • MiniDict: loe^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /lø³¹/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ²lei
    • MiniDict: lei^平
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦlei²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /lei²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /lɐɪ³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /lai²²/
  • (Northern: Yixing, Changzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²lai
    • MiniDict: lai^平
    • Sinological IPA (Yixing): /lɛ²²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /lai¹³/
  • (Northern: Tongxiang)
    • Wugniu: ²li
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /li²²/
  • (Northern: Haining)
    • Wugniu: ²leu
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /lɤɯ¹¹³/
  • (Northern: Fuyang)
    • Wugniu: ²lae
    • Sinological IPA (Fuyang): /lɛ¹¹³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ²lae
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /lɛ³¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: lei²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /le̞i̯¹³/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: lue²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯e̞¹³/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: lui²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯i¹¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: lwoj

Rime
Character	雷
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	魯回切
Baxter	lwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/luoi/
Shao Rongfen	/luɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwəj/
Li Rong	/luᴀi/
Wang Li	/luɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/luɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	léi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leoi4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.rˤuj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ruːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	雷
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	léi
Middle Chinese	‹ lwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*C.rˁuj/
English	thunder
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雷
Reading #	1/1
No.	7707
Phonetic component	畾
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雷
Old Chinese	/*ruːl/

Definitions

雷

1. thunder

   打雷  ―  dǎ léi  ―  to thunder

   電閃雷鳴／电闪雷鸣  ―  diànshǎnléimíng  ―  lightning flashes and thunder rumbles

   • 殷其靁，在南山之陽。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     殷其靁，在南山之阳。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yīn qí léi, zài Nánshān zhī yáng. [Pinyin]

     Grandly rolls the thunder,
     On the south of the southern hill!

   • 鳳銜金榜出雲來，平地一聲雷。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     凤衔金榜出云来，平地一声雷。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 9th century, Wei Zhuang, 喜遷鶯

     Fèng xián jīnbǎng chū yún lái, píngdì yī shēng léi. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (in compounds) lightning

   避雷針／避雷针  ―  bìléizhēn  ―  lightning rod

   雷擊／雷击  ―  léijī  ―  lightning strike

3. (military, weaponry, in compounds) explosive device; mine

   魚雷／鱼雷  ―  yúléi  ―  torpedo

   手雷  ―  shǒuléi  ―  grenade

   雷區／雷区  ―  léiqū  ―  minefield

   排雷  ―  páiléi  ―  to demine

4. (colloquial, neologism) to astonish; to shock

   這部電視劇太雷人了。 [MSC, trad.]
   这部电视剧太雷人了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè bù diànshìjù tài léirén le. [Pinyin]

   This TV series is too astonishing.

5. (colloquial, neologism) astonishment; surprise

   內容有雷／内容有雷  ―  nèiróng yǒu léi  ―  (slang) shocking content ahead

6. short for 雷州 (Léizhōu, “Leizhou”)

   雷劇／雷剧  ―  léijù  ―  Leizhou opera

7. (neologism) burdensome

   暴雷  ―  bàoléi  ―  to default on a large scale

8. (neologism) to be burden to others
9. (neologism, slang) boobs

   大雷  ―  dà léi  ―  (slang) huge boobs

10. (Taiwan, neologism) plot spoiler

    Synonyms: 捏他 (niētā), 劇透 / 剧透 (jùtòu)

11. (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) two
12. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) loyalty
13. a surname

    雷震  ―  Léi Zhèn  ―  Lei Chen (Chinese dissident who founded the Free China Journal in Taiwan)

14. (American (1980–), slang) to lay off

    亞麻整組被雷／亚麻整组被雷  ―  yàmá zhěng zǔ bèi léi  ―  An entire group at Amazon is being laid off

15. Used in transcription.

    弗雷德里克  ―  Fúléidélǐkè  ―  Frederick

    雷克雅未克  ―  Léikèyǎwèikè  ―  Reykjavík

    古鐵雷斯／古铁雷斯  ―  Gǔtiěléisī  ―  Gutiérrez

Synonyms

• (thunder): 雷聲／雷声 (léishēng)
• (lightning): 閃電／闪电 (shǎndiàn)

Dialectal synonyms of 雷 (“thunder”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雷, 震
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		雷
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	雷
	Taiwan	雷
	Chengde	雷
	Ulanhot	雷
	Tongliao	雷
	Chifeng	雷
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	雷
	Heihe	雷
	Qiqihar	雷
	Harbin	雷
	Jiamusi	雷
	Baicheng	雷
	Changchun	雷
	Tonghua	雷
	Shenyang	雷
	Jinzhou	雷
	Singapore	雷
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	雷
	Tangshan	雷
	Cangzhou	雷
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	雷
	Baoding	雷
	Shijiazhuang	雷
	Lijin	雷
	Jinan	雷
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	雷
	Dandong	雷
	Yantai	雷
	Yantai (Muping)	雷
	Qingdao	雷
	Zhucheng	雷
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	忽雷
	Lingbao	忽雷
	Jining	雷
	Wanrong	雷
	Linfen	雷
	Shangqiu	雷
	Yuanyang	雷
	Zhengzhou	雷
	Xinyang	雷
	Ankang	雷
	Ankang (Xianhe, Hanbin)	雷
	Baihe	雷
	Baihe (Maoping)	雷
	Xi'an	雷, 呼嚕爺
	Baoji	雷
	Tianshui	雷
	Hezuo	雷
	Xining	雷
	Dunhuang (Hedong dialect)	雷
	Xuzhou	雷
	Fuyang	雷
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	雷
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	雷
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	雷
	Lanzhou	雷
	Wuwei	雷, 呼嚕爺
	Wuwei (Zhangyi)	雷, 雷聲爺, 呼嚕爺
	Hami	雷
	Ürümqi	雷
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	雷
	Nanchong	雷
	Nanbu	雷
	Dazhou	雷
	Hanyuan	雷
	Xichang	雷
	Zigong	雷
	Muli	雷
	Chongqing	雷
	Wuhan	雷, 天雷
	Yichang	雷
	Xiangyang	雷
	Tianmen	雷
	Guiyang	雷
	Zunyi	雷
	Bijie	雷
	Liping	雷
	Zhaotong	雷
	Dali	雷
	Kunming	雷
	Mengzi	雷, 雷公公
	Guilin	雷
	Pingle	雷公
	Liuzhou	雷
	Luzhai	雷公
	Nanning (Xiakuojie)	雷公
	Nanning (Wuming)	雷公
	Binyang (Nanjie)	雷
	Hechi (Yizhou)	雷, 雷公
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	雷, 雷公
	Tianlin (Langping)	雷
	Jishou	雷
	Changde	雷
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	雷
	Shiquan	雷
	Ziyang	雷
	Hanzhong	雷, 雷神
	Dagudi (Maliba)	雷
	Reshuitang (Longling)	雷
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	雷
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	雷
	Oudomxay	雷
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	雷
	Yangzhou	雷
	Lianyungang	雷
	Lianshui	雷
	Nantong	雷
	Anqing	雷
	Zongyang	雷
	Wuhu	雷
	Hefei	雷
	Hong'an	雷
	Jinhua (Shuiduiji)	雷
Mandarin	Jiangshan (Nianbadu)	雷公
	Kaihua (Huabu)	雷公
	Yushan (Huaiyu)	雷公
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雷, 雷公
	Hong Kong	雷
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	雷公
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	雷公
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	雷公
	Hong Kong (Sam Mun Tsai; Tanka)	雷公
	Zhongshan (Chongkoumen, Nanlang; Tanka)	雷公, 石湖
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	雷
	Taishan (Guanghai)	雷
	Dongguan	雷, 雷公
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	雷
	Yangjiang	雷公
	Nanning	雷, 雷公, 雷婆
	Wuzhou	聲雷, 雷公
	Yulin	雷公
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	雷公
	Hepu (Shatian)	雷公
	Guiping	雷公
	Guiping (Jintian)	雷, 雷公
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	雷公
	Guiping (Madong)	雷, 雷公
	Guiping (Mule)	雷公
	Pingnan	雷
	Pingnan (Danzhu)	雷, 雷公
	Guigang (Gangcheng)	雷
	Guigang (Pingdong)	雷
	Baise	雷公
	Qinzhou	雷公
	Qinzhou (Changtan)	雷公
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	雷
	Beihai	雷公
	Beihai (Nankang)	雷公
	Beihai (Yingpan)	雷公
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	雷公
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	雷公
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	雷
	Fusui (Qujiu)	雷公
	Lingchuan (Yangjia)	雷
	Danzhou	雷
	Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua)	雷
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	雷公
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	雷公
	Móng Cái	雷
	Mandalay (Taishan)	雷
	Bangkok (Guangfu)	雷公
Gan	Nanchang	雷
	Pengze	雷
	Lichuan	雷公
	Pingxiang	雷, 雷公
	Ankang (Niuti)	雷
Hakka	Meixian	雷公, 雷
	Jiexi	雷公
	Jiexi (Huizhai)	雷
	Liancheng (Peitian)	雷公
	Yudu	雷公
	Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng)	雷公
	Hong Kong	雷公
	Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao)	雷公
	Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan)	雷公
	Luchuan (Wushi)	雷公
	Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian)	雷公
	Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang)	雷公
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	雷公
	Rongxian (Xiandi)	雷公
	Guigang (Wule)	雷公
	Guigang (Qiaoxu)	雷公
	Guigang (Batang)	雷公
	Guiping (Jintian)	雷公
	Guiping (Dongxin)	雷公
	Pingnan (Guo'an)	雷公
	Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	雷
	Lipu (Shuangduitun)	雷公
	Lipu (Dashigu)	雷
	Pingle (Tong'an)	雷, 雷公
	Yangshuo (Jinbao)	雷公
	Guidong	雷公
	Senai (Huiyang)	雷公
	Mempawah (Meixian)	雷公
	Bangkok (Meixian)	雷公
	Bangkok (Jiexi)	雷公
Huizhou	Jixi	天雷, 雷
	Shexian	天雷
	Shexian (Xianggao)	雷
	Shexian (Daguyun)	天雷, 雷
Jin	Taiyuan	忽雷, 雷
	Yangyuan	雷
	Datong	雷聲
	Xinzhou	忽雷, 雷
	Lüliang (Lishi)	雷
	Changzhi	忽雷
	Taibus (Baochang)	雷
	Linhe	雷
	Jining	雷
	Hohhot	雷, 雷聲
	Baotou	雷
	Dongsheng	雷
	Haibowan	雷
	Erenhot	雷
	Pingshan	雷
	Zhangjiakou	雷
	Handan	雷
	Anyang	雷
	Linzhou	雷
	Suide	雷
Jiuxing Yumin	Jiande	風暴, 天雷
	Jinhua	天雷
	Lanxi	天雷
	Tunxi	風暴
Northern Min	Jian'ou	雷公, 雷
	Pucheng (Shibei)	雷公, 雷
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	雷公, 雷
	Fuqing	雷公
	Shouning	雷
	Longyou (Lingshan)	雷
Southern Min	Xiamen	雷公, 雷
	Quanzhou	雷公, 雷
	Yongchun	雷公
	Zhangzhou	雷公, 雷
	Taipei (Wanhua)	雷公
	Kaohsiung	雷公
	Yilan	雷公
	Changhua (Lukang)	雷公
	Taichung	雷公
	Taichung (Wuqi)	雷公
	Tainan	雷公
	Taitung	雷公
	Hsinchu	雷公
	Penghu (Magong)	雷公
	Manila (Hokkien)	雷公, 雷
	Medan (Hokkien)	雷公
	Longyan	雷公
	Datian	雷公
	Datian (Guangping)	雷公
	Youxi (Jiemian, Banmian)	雷公
	Xiapu (Sansha)	雷
	Puxian (Fuye, Xiuyu)	雷
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	雷
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	雷, 雷公
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	雷公
	Guilin (Biyange)	雷公
	Heyuan (Nijin)	雷, 雷公
	Hangzhou (Pingfeng)	雷公
	Wenling (Ruoshan & Shitang)	雷
	Chaozhou	雷公
	Shantou	雷, 雷公
	Shantou (Chenghai)	雷公
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	雷公
	Nan'ao (Yun'ao)	雷公
	Jieyang	雷公
	Puning	雷公
	Hong Kong (Yuen Chau Tsai)	雷公
	Bangkok (Teochew)	雷公
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	雷
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	雷公
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	雷公
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	雷公
	Pontianak (Teochew)	雷公
	Leizhou	雷
	Wenchang	雷公
	Haikou	雷公
	Wanning	雷
Puxian Min	Putian	雷公, 雷
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	雷公
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	雷公, 雷
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	雷公
	Xianyou	雷公, 雷
	Xianyou (Fengting)	雷公
	Xianyou (Youyang)	雷公
Central Min	Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)	雷公
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	雷, 雷公
	Binyang	雷
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	雷公
	Chongzuo (Xinhe)	雷公
	Hechi (Desheng, Yizhou)	雷
	Luocheng (Niubi)	雷公
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dongbianzhou)	雷
	Guilin (Dabu)	雷公
	Guilin (Qianjing)	雷公
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	雷, 雷公
	Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui)	雷
	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	雷公, 雷
	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	雷
	Quanzhou (Wenqiao)	雷
	Pingle (Xintangmian)	雷公
Shehua	Fu'an	雷公
	Fuding	雷公
	Luoyuan	雷公
	Sanming	雷公
	Shunchang	靈公
	Hua'an	雷公
	Guixi (Zhangping)	雷公
	Cangnan	雷公
	Jingning (Hexi)	雷公
	Lishui	雷公
	Longyou	雷公
	Chaozhou	雷公
	Fengshun	雷公
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	䨨
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	䨨
	Luxi (Baisha)	䨨
	Luxi (Liangjiatan)	䨨
	Luxi (Lijiatian)	䨨
	Chengbu (Xuntou)	䨨
Wu	Shanghai	雷
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	雷
	Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)	雷
	Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)	雷
	Shanghai (Chongming)	陣頭
	Suzhou	雷
	Wuxi	雷
	Kunshan	雷
	Jiaxing	雷
	Changzhou	雷, 陣頭
	Liyang	雷
	Yixing	陣頭, 雷
	Danyang	雷, 陣頭
	Danyang (Tongjiaqiao)	雷, 陣雷
	Jingjiang	雷
	Jiangyin	雷動
	Huzhou	雷
	Huzhou (Shuanglin)	雷, 雷公
	Anji	雷
	Anji (Xiaofeng)	雷
	Hangzhou	雷, 雷公公, 雷公
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	雷, 雷公菩薩
	Shaoxing	雷, 大雷
	Zhuji (Wangjiajing)	天雷
	Shengzhou (Chongren)	雷
	Shengzhou (Taiping)	雷公
	Ningbo	雷
	Ningbo (Yinzhou)	雷
	Yuyao	動雷
	Taizhou (Huangyan)	雷, 雷響巧
	Wenzhou	雷
	Quzhou	雷, 雷公
	Jiangshan	雷, 雷公
	Longyou	雷鼓
	Jinhua	天雷, 雷
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	天雷鼓
	Yiwu	雷公菩薩
	Yongkang	雷公
Xiang	Changsha	雷
	Xiangxiang	雷
	Shuangfeng	雷
	Hengyang	雷, 雷公
	Hengshan	雷, 雷公
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	雷, 雷公
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	雷

Usage notes

• As a noun on its own, 雷 (léi) refers to thunder. In compounds, however, this character may also refer to lightning.
• Not all military explosive devices are called 雷 (léi). Another commonly used name is 彈／弹 (dàn), which is more often used with propelled explosive weapons.

Coordinate terms

• (basic weather words shared by most dialects): 雲／云 (yún, “cloud”), 霧／雾 (wù, “fog, mist”), 風／风 (fēng, “wind”), 雨 (yǔ, “rain”), 雪 (xuě, “snow”), 電／电 (diàn, “lightning”), 雷 (léi, “thunder”), 虹 (hóng, “rainbow”)

Compounds

• 乾打雷 / 干打雷
• 五雷轟頂 / 五雷轰顶
• 伯雷
• 克雷因
• 哈姆雷特
• 哈雷彗星 (Hāléi huìxīng)
• 地雷 (dìléi)
• 大發雷霆 / 大发雷霆 (dàfāléitíng)
• 大雷雨
• 天打雷劈 (tiāndǎléipī)
• 天雷
• 奔雷
• 奔馳如雷 / 奔驰如雷
• 如雷
• 如雷灌耳 (rúléiguàn'ěr)
• 如雷貫耳 / 如雷贯耳 (rúléiguàn'ěr)
• 射控雷達 / 射控雷达
• 導向魚雷 / 导向鱼雷
• 巴雷利
• 布雷 (bùléi)
• 布雷克
• 布雷克磨
• 布雷爾港 / 布雷尔港
• 布鼓雷門 / 布鼓雷门
• 弗雷特 (Fúléitè)
• 忽雷 (hūléi)
• 悶雷 / 闷雷 (mènléi)
• 打悶雷 / 打闷雷
• 打攔頭雷 / 打拦头雷
• 打雷 (dǎléi)
• 拖雷 (Tuōléi)
• 掌心雷 (zhǎngxīnléi)
• 掌聲雷動 / 掌声雷动 (zhǎngshēngléidòng)
• 掃雷 / 扫雷 (sǎoléi)
• 掀雷抉電 / 掀雷抉电
• 旱天雷
• 春雷 (chūnléi)
• 暴燥如雷
• 暴跳如雷 (bàotiào-rúléi)
• 暴躁如雷
• 暴雷 (bàoléi)
• 暴雷也似
• 歡呼雷動 / 欢呼雷动
• 歡聲雷動 / 欢声雷动
• 氣象雷達 / 气象雷达
• 水雷 (shuǐléi)
• 火山雷 (huǒshānléi)
• 炸雷 (zhàléi)
• 烈火轟雷 / 烈火轰雷
• 焦雷
• 熱雷雨 / 热雷雨
• 爆燥如雷
• 瓦釜雷鳴 / 瓦釜雷鸣
• 甕雷 / 瓮雷 (wèngléi)
• 疾如雷電 / 疾如雷电
• 疾雷
• 疾風迅雷 / 疾风迅雷
• 百面雷
• 竹地雷
• 聚蚊成雷
• 聞雷失箸 / 闻雷失箸
• 肚裡雷鳴 / 肚里雷鸣
• 落雷 (luòléi)
• 蚊雷
• 蟄雷 / 蛰雷
• 訇雷震
• 詭雷 / 诡雷 (guǐléi)
• 起雷 (qǐléi)
• 轟然雷動 / 轰然雷动
• 轟雷掣電 / 轰雷掣电
• 轟雷貫耳 / 轰雷贯耳
• 迅雷 (xùnléi)
• 避雷 (bìléi)
• 醉雷公
• 金鼓雷鳴 / 金鼓雷鸣
• 防空雷達 / 防空雷达
• 陳布雷 / 陈布雷
• 陳雷膠漆 / 陈雷胶漆
• 難越雷池 / 难越雷池
• 雷丸 (léiwán)
• 雷人 (léirén)
• 雷公 (léigōng)
• 雷公嘴
• 雷公藤 (léigōngténg)
• 雷劈
• 雷動 / 雷动 (léidòng)
• 雷區 / 雷区 (léiqū)
• 雷厲 / 雷厉
• 雷厲風行 / 雷厉风行 (léilìfēngxíng)
• 雷厲風飛 / 雷厉风飞
• 雷同 (léitóng)
• 雷嗔電怒 / 雷嗔电怒
• 雷城
• 雷堆
• 雷塘
• 雷多公路
• 雷大雨小
• 雷害
• 雷家店 (Léijiādiàn)
• 雷家祠 (Léijiācí)
• 雷射 (léishè)
• 雷射刀
• 雷射唱片
• 雷射唱盤 / 雷射唱盘
• 雷射攝影 / 雷射摄影
• 雷射音響 / 雷射音响
• 雷山 (Léishān)
• 雷峰塔
• 雷州 (Léizhōu)
• 雷州半島 / 雷州半岛 (Léizhōu Bàndǎo)
• 雷巾
• 雷師 / 雷师
• 雷打不動 / 雷打不动 (léi dǎ bù dòng)
• 雷抃
• 雷擊 / 雷击 (léijī)
• 雷暴 (léibào)
• 雷根主義 / 雷根主义 (léigēnzhǔyì)
• 雷殛 (léijí)
• 雷池 (léichí)
• 雷汞 (léigǒng)
• 雷河 (Léihé)
• 雷火 (léihuǒ)
• 雷琴 (léiqín)
• 雷神 (léishén)
• 雷神鞭
• 雷管 (léiguǎn)
• 雷聲 / 雷声 (léishēng)
• 雷聲大，雨點小 / 雷声大，雨点小 (léishēng dà, yǔdiǎn xiǎo)
• 雷芽
• 雷藏寺 (léicángsì)
• 雷衕 / 雷同
• 雷諾瓦 / 雷诺瓦
• 雷車 / 雷车
• 雷轟電掣 / 雷轰电掣
• 雷達 / 雷达 (léidá)
• 雷達搜索 / 雷达搜索
• 雷達站 / 雷达站
• 雷達追蹤 / 雷达追踪
• 雷部
• 雷鋒 / 雷锋 (Léi Fēng)
• 雷鋒運動 / 雷锋运动
• 雷陣雨 / 雷阵雨 (léizhènyǔ)
• 雷陳膠漆 / 雷陈胶漆
• 雷雨 (léiyǔ)
• 雷雨交加
• 雷雨胞
• 雷雨雲 / 雷雨云
• 雷雲 / 雷云 (léiyún)
• 雷電 / 雷电 (léidiàn)
• 雷電交加 / 雷电交加 (léidiànjiāojiā)
• 雷震
• 雷霆 (léitíng)
• 雷霆之怒
• 雷霆萬鈞 / 雷霆万钧 (léitíngwànjūn)
• 雷霆電雹 / 雷霆电雹
• 雷鞭
• 雷音
• 雷馬克 / 雷马克
• 雷鳥 / 雷鸟 (léiniǎo)
• 雷鳴 / 雷鸣 (léimíng)
• 雷鳴瓦釜 / 雷鸣瓦釜
• 雷鳴遠 / 雷鸣远
• 雷鼓
• 雷龍 / 雷龙
• 震天雷
• 霹雷 (pīléi)
• 順風雷 / 顺风雷
• 風掣雷行 / 风掣雷行
• 風雷 / 风雷 (fēngléi)
• 風雷之性 / 风雷之性
• 風雷火炮 / 风雷火炮
• 魚雷 / 鱼雷 (yúléi)
• 魚雷快艇 / 鱼雷快艇
• 鴨子聽雷 / 鸭子听雷
• 麻雷子 (máléizi)
• 黔雷
• 鼙鼓雷鳴 / 鼙鼓雷鸣
• 鼻鼾如雷
• 鼾聲如雷 / 鼾声如雷
• 鼾聲雷動 / 鼾声雷动
• 鼾齁如雷
• 齁聲雷起 / 齁声雷起

References

• “雷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “雷”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.

Japanese

Kanji

雷

(Jōyō kanji)

1. thunder, lightning bolt

Readings

• Go-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
• Kun: かみなり (kaminari, 雷, Jōyō)、いかずち (ikazuchi, 雷)^{←いかづち (ikaduti, 雷, historical)}
• Nanori: あずま (azuma)^{←あづま (aduma, historical)}

Compounds

Compounds

• 雷(らい)雨(う) (raiu)
• 雷(らい)雲(うん) (raiun)
• 雷(らい)管(かん) (raikan)
• 雷(らい)撃(げき) (raigeki)
• 雷(らい)公(こう) (raikō)
• 雷(らい)光(こう) (raikō)
• 雷(らい)獣(じゅう) (raijū, “thunder beast”)
• 雷(らい)神(じん) (raijin)
• 雷(らい)声(せい) (raisei)
• 雷(らい)鳥(ちょう) (raichō, “rock ptarmigan, snow grouse”)
• 雷(らい)電(でん) (raiden)
• 雷(らい)同(どう) (raidō)
• 雷(らい)名(めい) (raimei)
• 雷(らい)鳴(めい) (raimei)
• 遠(えん)雷(らい) (enrai)
• 魚(ぎょ)雷(らい) (gyorai)
• 地(じ)雷(らい) (jirai)
• 春(しゅん)雷(らい) (shunrai)
• 迅(じん)雷(らい) (jinrai)
• 地(ち)雷(らい) (chirai)
• 爆(ばく)雷(らい) (bakurai)
• 避(ひ)雷(らい) (hirai)
  • 避(ひ)雷(らい)針(しん) (hiraishin)
• 蚊(ぶん)雷(らい) (bunrai)
• 落(らく)雷(らい) (rakurai)

Etymology 1

雷 (kaminari, kannari, ikazuchi, narukami, rai): thunder and lightning.

Kanji in this term
雷
かみなり Grade: S
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 神(かみ) (kami, “god, spirit”) + 鳴(な)り (nari, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鳴(な)る (naru, “to cry out, to call”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ka̠mʲina̠ɾʲi]
• (Tokyo) かみなり [kàmínáꜜrì] (Nakadaka – [3])
• (Tokyo) かみなり [kàmínáríꜜ] (Odaka – [4])

Noun

雷(かみなり) • (kaminari) 

1. thunder (loud sound caused by expansion of rapidly heated air)

   Synonym: 雷鳴 (raimei)

2. lightning, thunderbolt

   Synonyms: 電, 稲妻 (inazuma); 稲光 (inabikari); 落雷 (rakurai)

   • 1999 February 4, “サンダー・キッズ [Thunder Kid]”, in Vol.1, Konami:

     雷(かみなり)をからだの中(なか)に蓄(ちく)電(でん)させている。泣(な)かせたときは危(き)険(けん)。

     Kaminari o karada no naka ni chikuden saseteiru. Nakaseta toki wa kiken.

     He stores lightning inside his body. He’s very dangerous when he cries.

   • 1999 March 1, “エレキッズ [Elekid]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:

     雷(かみなり)攻(こう)撃(げき)は意(い)外(がい)と強(つよ)い。甘(あま)く見(み)ると感(かん)電(でん)するぞ。

     Kaminarikōgeki wa igai to tsuyoi. Amaku miru to kanden suru zo.

     It has a surprisingly powerful lightning attack. However, its electrocution tends to be underestimated.

3. thunder god

Usage notes

This kaminari reading is the most common reading when used as a standalone noun.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 神鳴(かみなり) (Kaminari)
• 雷(かみなり)烏賊(いか) (kaminari ika)
• 雷(かみなり)親(おや)父(じ) (kaminari oyaji)
• 雷(かみなり)雲(ぐも) (kaminarigumo)
• 雷(かみなり)声(ごえ) (kaminarigoe)
• 雷(かみなり)豆(どう)腐(ふ) (kaminaridōfu)
• 雷(かみなり)の陣(じん) (kaminari no jin)
• 雷鳴(かみなり)の壺(つぼ) (Kaminari no Tsubo)
• 雷(かみなり)の間(ま) (kaminari no ma)
• 雷(かみなり)林(ばやし) (Kaminaribayashi)
• 雷(かみなり)干(ぼ)し, 雷(かみなり)乾(ぼ)し (kaminariboshi)
• 雷(かみなり)門(もん) (Kaminarimon)
• 雷(かみなり)除(よ)け (kaminariyoke)
• 地(じ)雷(がみなり) (jigaminari)
• 虫(むし)出(だ)し雷(かみなり) (mushidashi kaminari)

Idioms

• 雷(かみなり)が落(お)ちる (kaminari ga ochiru, “thunder comes down → to be scolded severely by a superior, to be ripped a new one”)
• 雷(かみなり)三(みっ)日(か) (kaminari mikka)

See also

• 雷電(らいでん) (raiden, “thunder and lightning”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
雷
かんなり Grade: S
irregular

Alternative spellings
雷鳴り 雷鳴

/kaminari/ → /kamʉnari/ → /kanːari/

Shift in pronunciation from kaminari above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠nːa̠ɾʲi]

Noun

雷(かんなり) • (kannari) 

1. (rare, archaic) thunder

Derived terms

• 雷(かんなり)の陣(じん) (kannari no jin)

Proper noun

雷(かんなり) • (Kannari) 

1. (rare, archaic) short for 雷鳴の壺 (Kannari no Tsubo): one of the five buildings in the imperial palace in 平安京 (Heian-kyō), modern-day Kyoto

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
雷
いかずち Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
霆

⟨ika tu ti⟩ → ⟨ikaduti⟩ → /ikad͡zut͡ɕi/ → /ikazut͡ɕi/

From Old Japanese.

Originally a compound of 厳(いか) (ika, “sternness, terribleness, imposingness”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 霊(ち) (chi, “spirit, force, essence”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ika̠zɨt͡ɕi]

Noun

雷(いかずち) • (ikazuchi) ^{←いかづち (ikaduti)?}

1. (archaic) thunder
2. (obsolete) something ferocious and imposing, a demon or devil

Proper noun

雷(いかずち) • (Ikazuchi) ^{←いかづち (Ikaduti)?}

1. a surname

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
雷
なるかみ Grade: S
irregular

Alternative spellings
鳴る神 鳴神

Compound of 鳴(な)る (naru, “to cry out, to call”) + 神(かみ) (kami, “god, spirit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [na̠ɾɯ̟ka̠mʲi]

Noun

雷(なるかみ) • (narukami) 

1. (rare) thunder (the sound)
2. (rare) lightning, a thunderbolt

Proper noun

雷(なるかみ) • (Narukami) 

1. 鳴神: one of the eighteen styles of kabuki

Usage notes

This sense is more commonly spelled as 鳴神.

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
雷
らい Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 雷 (MC lwoj).

Compare modern Mandarin 雷 (léi) and Cantonese 雷 (leoi⁴).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɾa̠i]
• (Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])

Noun

雷(らい) • (rai) 

1. a thunder
2. lightning

Usage notes

Used more in compounds than on its own. As a standalone noun, the kaminari reading is the most common.

Derived terms

• 雷(らい)の間(ま) (rai no ma)
• 雷(らい)斧(ふ) (raifu)
• 機(き)雷(らい) (kirai)

Affix

雷(らい) • (rai) 

1. thunder
2. thunderous, noisy
3. famous
4. large, explosive weapon

Proper noun

雷(らい) • (Rai) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

References

• “雷”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Kikai

Kanji

雷

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Kun: はんまい (hanmai, 雷)

Noun

雷(はんまい) (hanmai) 

1. thunder

References

• “はんまい【雷】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 雷 (MC lwoj). Recorded as Middle Korean 뢰 (lwoy) (Yale: lwoy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

雷 (eumhun 우레 뢰 (ure roe) or (word-initial) 뇌 (noe))

1. hanja form^? of 뢰/뇌 (“thunder; lightning bolt”)

   Synonym: 震 (진 (jin))

Compounds

Compounds

• 뇌성 (雷聲, noeseong, “thunder (sound caused by lightning)”)
• 뇌관 (雷管, noegwan, “detonator”)
• 지뢰 (地雷, jiroe, “land mine”)
• 어뢰 (魚雷, eoroe, “torpedo”)
• 낙뢰 (落雷, nangnoe, “thunderbolt”)
• 뇌우 (雷雨, noe'u, “thunderstorm”)
• 폭뢰 (爆雷, pongnoe, “depth charge”)
• 피뢰침 (避雷針, piroechim, “lightning rod”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Okinawan

Kanji

雷

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Kun: かんない (kannai, 雷)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 雷 (kaminari).

Noun

雷(かんない) (kannai) 

1. thunder

References

• “かんない【雷】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Originally a compound of 嚴 (ika, “sternness, terribleness, imposingness”) +‎ つ (tu, possessive particle) +‎ 靈 (ti, “spirit, force, essence”).

Noun

雷 (ikaduti) (kana いかづち)

1. thunder
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, poem 235, first variant:
     , text here

     皇者神二四座者天雲之雷之上尓廬為流鴨

     opoki₁mi₁ pa kami₂ ni si maseba amakumo no₂ ikaduti no₂ upe₂ ni iporaseru ka mo

     Since our sovereign is a god, she builds a temporary palace above the thunder in the heavenly clouds.

2. demon or devil

Descendants

• Japanese: 雷 (ikazuchi)

See also

• 鳴神 (narukami₂)

Tày

Han character

雷 (lòi)

1. Nôm form of lòi (“core”).

References

• Dương Nhật Thanh; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[4] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]

Vietnamese

Hán Nôm

雷: Hán Việt readings: lôi
雷: Nôm readings: loay, loi, lôi, lơi, lui, lụi, rôi, soi, sôi, trôi

1. chữ Hán form of lôi (“thunder”)
2. chữ Nôm form of loay
3. chữ Nôm form of loi
4. chữ Nôm form of lôi (“to haul”)
5. chữ Nôm form of lơi
6. chữ Nôm form of lui (“to retreat”)
7. chữ Nôm form of lụi
8. chữ Nôm form of rôi (“to be surplus”)
9. chữ Nôm form of soi
10. chữ Nôm form of sôi (“to boil”)
11. chữ Nôm form of trôi (“to drift; labeonin”)

Derived terms

• 地雷 (địa lôi)
• 天雷 (thiên lôi)
• 水雷 (thuỷ lôi)
• 踏雷 (đạp lôi)
• 雷霆 (lôi đình)
• 雷龍 (lôi long)
• 魚雷 (ngư lôi)

References

• 竹内与之助 [Takeuchi Yonosuke] (10 May 1988), “loay”, in 字喃字典 [Vietnamese: Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, Chữ Nôm Dictionary]‎^[5], 1st edition (overall work in Japanese and Vietnamese), Tokyo: 大学書林 [Daigaku Syorin], via Nomfoundation.org, →ISBN, archived from the original on 28 July 2019, page 286
• 竹内与之助 [Takeuchi Yonosuke] (10 May 1988), “rôi”, in 字喃字典 [Vietnamese: Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, Chữ Nôm Dictionary]‎^[6], 1st edition (overall work in Japanese and Vietnamese), Tokyo: 大学書林 [Daigaku Syorin], via Nomfoundation.org, →ISBN, archived from the original on 28 July 2019, page 467