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靜

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 静
靜 U+975C, 靜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-975C
← 靛
[U+975B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 靝 →
[U+975D]

Translingual

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Traditional 靜
Simplified 静
Japanese 静
Korean 靜

Han character

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靜 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+8, 16 strokes, Cangjie input 手月月尸木 (QBBSD), four-corner 52257, composition ⿰青爭(T) or ⿰靑爭(JK))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42578
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1893, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 4049, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+975C

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
猜 *sʰlɯː
輤 *sʰleːns
綪 *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩 *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈 *sʰleːns
蒨 *sʰeːns
篟 *sʰeːns
生 *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲 *sreŋ
笙 *sreŋ
甥 *sreŋ
鉎 *sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄 *sreŋ
鼪 *sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩 *sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌 *sreŋ
眚 *sreŋʔ
貹 *sreŋs
崝 *zreːŋ
精 *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁 *ʔsleŋ
鶄 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱 *ʔsleŋ
婧 *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐 *ʔsleŋ
聙 *ʔsleŋ
旌 *ʔsleŋ
清 *sʰleŋ
圊 *sʰleŋ
請 *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊 *sʰleŋs
䝼 *zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚 *zleŋs
情 *zleŋ
晴 *zleŋ
夝 *zleŋ
靜 *zleŋʔ
靖 *zleŋʔ
睲 *seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺 *seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性 *sleŋs
姓 *sleŋs
靗 *l̥ʰeŋs
鯖 *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青 *sʰleːŋ
靘 *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅 *sʰleːŋs
胜 *sleːŋ
曐 *sleːŋ
星 *sleːŋ
鮏 *sleːŋ
腥 *seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹 *seːŋ
醒 *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂 *seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zleŋʔ): phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ). Note that 青 is also a compound with two phonetic components.

Shuowen interprets 青 (“blue”) as a semantic component.

Etymology

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Perhaps from Mon-Khmer; compare Old Khmer siṅ (“to stay in/at; to abide; to be still”) (Schuessler, 2007). 靖 (OC *zleŋʔ) is the same word (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

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trad. 靜/静
simp. 静
2nd round simp. 𰁓
Note:
  • sâng - vernacular (“to stop making noise; to stop crying”);
  • cêng - literary.
Note:
  • sa5/sann5 - vernacular;
  • zing5 - literary.
Note:
  • chěng/chēng - literary;
  • chīⁿ/chǐⁿ/chēⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • jin5 - vernacular;
  • jin4 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 靜
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 從 (15)
    Final (韻) 清 (121)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 疾郢切
    Baxter dzjengX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ziᴇŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡ziɛŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡ziæŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡ziajŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ziɛŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡zĭɛŋX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/d͡zʱi̯ɛŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jìng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zing6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 靜
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11353
    Phonetic
    component         		生
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		靜
    Old
    Chinese         		/*zleŋʔ/

    Definitions

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    靜

    1. silent; not making a noise
      夜深人靜／夜深人静  ―  yèshēnrénjìng  ―  quiet in the dead of night
      請大家靜一靜！／请大家静一静！  ―  Qǐng dàjiā jìng yī jìng!  ―  please everybody, quiet down
      佢今日咁靜嘅？ [Guangzhou Cantonese, trad.]
      佢今日咁静嘅？ [Guangzhou Cantonese, simp.]
      keoi5 gam1 jat6 gam3 zing6 ge2? [Jyutping]
      they are so quiet today?
      靜少少吖唔該。 [Guangzhou Cantonese, trad.]
      静少少吖唔该。 [Guangzhou Cantonese, simp.]
      zing6 siu2 siu2 aa1 m4 goi1. [Jyutping]
      quiet down a bit, please
    2. still; motionless
      靜止／静止  ―  jìngzhǐ  ―  to be still
      心靜自然涼／心静自然凉  ―  xīn jìng zìrán liáng  ―  inner calm naturally [helps one] cool down (a phrase used during periods of hot weather)
    3. to calm down
    Synonyms
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    Dialectal synonyms of 安靜 (“quiet; silent”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 安靜
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 安靜, 壓靜
    Taiwan 安靜
    Malaysia 安靜
    Singapore 安靜
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 安靜
    Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 安靜
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 雅靜, 安靜
    Wuhan 靜, 靜辦, 雅靜
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 靜, 靜辦
    Hefei 安靜, 靜
    Cantonese Guangzhou 靜
    Hong Kong 靜
    Yangjiang 靜
    Gan Nanchang 安靜
    Hakka Meixian 靜
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 安靜, 恬靜
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 安靜, 恬靜
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 安靜, 恬靜
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 安靜, 恬靜
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 安靜, 恬靜
    Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 恬靜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 恬靜
    Jin Taiyuan 安靜, 致靜
    Northern Min Jian'ou 靜
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 靜
    Southern Min Xiamen 靜
    Manila (Hokkien) 靜
    Chaozhou 靜
    Jieyang 靜
    Wu Suzhou 靜, 安靜
    Wenzhou 靜, 愔靜
    Xiang Changsha 安靜
    Shuangfeng 安靜

    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 2

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    trad. 靜/静
    simp. 静
    2nd round simp. 𰁓
    alternative forms 晴

    Definitions

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    靜

    1. (Mainland China Hokkien) to warm up (of weather)
      燒靜／烧静 [Hokkien]  ―  sio-chīⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  warm
    2. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to clear up (after rain, wind, etc.)

    References

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    • “靜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
    • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “静”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 271.

    Japanese

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    Shinjitai 静
    Kyūjitai 靜

    Kanji

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    靜

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 静)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings

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    Korean

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    Etymology

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation

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    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋ]
    • Phonetic hangul: [정(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

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    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    靜 (eumhun 조용할 정 (joyonghal jeong))

    1. hanja form? of 정 (“quiet, silence, static”)
      정전기(靜電氣) ― jeongjeon'gi ― static electricity
      정(靜)하중 ― jeonghajung ― dead weight

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    靜: Hán Nôm readings: tĩnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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