鼾
| ||||||||
Contents
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
鼾 (radical 209, 鼻+3, 17 strokes, cangjie input 竹中一十 (HLMJ), four-corner 21240, composition ⿰鼻干)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1530, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48505
- Dae Jaweon: page 2066, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4779, character 7
- Unihan data for U+9F3E
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
鼾 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns): semantic 鼻 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hal (“to snore”). Compare Tibetan ཧལ (hal, “to pant; to wheeze; to snort; to snore”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
鼾
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鼾 |
| かん Hyōgaiji |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 鼾 (MC hɑn, ɦɑnH, “snoring”).
Only found in compounds. Not used in isolation.
Pronunciation[edit]
Affix[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鼾 |
| いびき Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
Originally a compound of 息 (i, “breath, breathing”) + 引き (hiki, “pulling, drawing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 引く hiku “to pull, to draw”).[1][2] The hiki changes to biki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
鼾 (hiragana いびき, rōmaji ibiki)
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
鼾する (hiragana いびきする, rōmaji ibiki suru)
- to snore
Conjugation[edit]
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 鼾し | いびきし | ibiki shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 鼾し | いびきし | ibiki shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 鼾する | いびきする | ibiki suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 鼾する | いびきする | ibiki suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 鼾すれ | いびきすれ | ibiki sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 鼾せよ¹ 鼾しろ² |
いびきせよ¹ いびきしろ² |
ibiki seyo¹ ibiki shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 鼾される | いびきされる | ibiki sareru | |
| Causative | 鼾させる 鼾さす |
いびきさせる いびきさす |
ibiki saseru ibiki sasu | |
| Potential | 鼾できる | いびきできる | ibiki dekiru | |
| Volitional | 鼾しよう | いびきしよう | ibiki shiyō | |
| Negative | 鼾しない | いびきしない | ibiki shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 鼾せず | いびきせず | ibiki sezu | |
| Formal | 鼾します | いびきします | ibiki shimasu | |
| Perfective | 鼾した | いびきした | ibiki shita | |
| Conjunctive | 鼾して | いびきして | ibiki shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 鼾すれば | いびきすれば | ibiki sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Synonyms[edit]
- 鼾く (ibiku) (rare, probably obsolete)
Usage notes[edit]
The verb sense “to snore” is more commonly expressed using the verbal phrases 鼾を掻く (ibiki o kaku, literally “to make a snoring sound”) or 鼾を立てる (ibiki o tateru, literally “to raise a snore, to put up a snore”).
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鼾 |
| くつち Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
Apparently the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of obsolete verb 鼾つ (kutsutsu, “to sleep while snoring”, possibly onomatopoeic).[1]
The epilepsy sense may have arisen from how one's breathing may be spastic and vaguely similar to snoring when suffering an epileptic seizure.
However, the conjugation of this putative verb is unknown, and it is only encountered in what would be the nominalized 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of kutsuchi.[1] This leaves open the possibility of alternative origins:
- May be a compound of 口 (kutsu, “mouth”, the bound form of modern 口 (kuchi), only found in compounds) + 風 (chi, “wind”, from the way that snoring often happens when breathing through the mouth, or from the way that an epileptic seizure may involve spastic breathing vaguely similar to snoring).
- The epilepsy sense may be a compound of 口 (kutsu, “mouth”, the bound form of modern 口 (kuchi), only found in compounds) + 血 (chi, “blood”, from the common occurrence of biting one's tongue during an epileptic seizure).
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
鼾 (hiragana くつち, rōmaji kutsuchi)
Derived terms[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
- (epilepsy): 癲癇 (tenkan)
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
鼾 • (han) (hangeul 한, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
鼾 (han)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Min Bei lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Jin verbs
- Min Bei verbs
- Min Dong verbs
- Min Nan verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Jin nouns
- Min Bei nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese literary terms
- Min Nan Chinese
- Chinese terms with usage examples
- Japanese Han characters
- Uncommon kanji
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いびき-
- Japanese kanji with kun reading くつち-
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading かん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading がん
- Japanese terms spelled with 鼾
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese compound words
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese type 3 verbs
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
