거두다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 거두다 (Yale: ketwuta).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kʌ̹duda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [거두다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	geoduda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	geoduda
McCune–Reischauer?	kŏduda
Yale Romanization?	ketwuta

Verb

거두다 • (geoduda) (infinitive 거두어 or 거둬, sequential 거두니)

1. To harvest.
2. To gather or collect.
3. To earn.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 거두다 (geoduda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	거둔다 geodunda	거두어 geodueo	거두어요, 거둬요 geodueoyo, geodwoyo	거둡니다 geodumnida
	Past	거두었다 geodueotda	거두었어 geodueosseo	거두었어요 geodueosseoyo	거두었습니다 geodueotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	거두느냐 geoduneunya	거두어 geodueo	거두어요, 거둬요 geodueoyo, geodwoyo	거둡니까 geodumnikka
	Past	거두었느냐 geodueonneunya	거두었어 geodueosseo	거두었어요 geodueosseoyo	거두었습니까 geodueotseumnikka
Hortative		거두자 geoduja	거두어 geodueo	거두어요, 거둬요 geodueoyo, geodwoyo	거두십시다 geodusipsida
Imperative		거두어라, 거둬라 geodueora, geodwora	거두어 geodueo	거두어요, 거둬요 geodueoyo, geodwoyo	거둡시오 geodupsio
Assertive		거두겠다 geodugetda	거두겠어 geodugesseo	거두겠어요 geodugesseoyo	거두겠습니다 geodugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		거두어 geodueo	거두어서, 거둬서 geodueoseo, geodwoseo	거두니 geoduni	거두니까 geodunikka
Contrast		거두지만 geodujiman	거두는데 geoduneunde	거두더니 geodudeoni
Conjunction		거두고 geodugo
Condition		거두면 geodumyeon	거두어야, 거둬야 geodueoya, geodwoya
Motive		거두려고 geoduryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		거둠 geodum	거두기 geodugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		거두었음, 거뒀음 geodueosseum, geodwosseum	거두었기, 거뒀기 geodueotgi, geodwotgi
Determiners	Past	거둔 geodun
	Present	거두는 geoduneun
	Future	거둘 geodul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	거두신다 geodusinda	거두셔 geodusyeo	거두세요, 거두셔요 geoduseyo, geodusyeoyo	거두십니다 geodusimnida
	Past	거두셨다 geodusyeotda	거두셨어 geodusyeosseo	거두셨어요 geodusyeosseoyo	거두셨습니다 geodusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	거두시느냐 geodusineunya	거두셔 geodusyeo	거두세요, 거두셔요 geoduseyo, geodusyeoyo	거두십니까 geodusimnikka
	Past	거두셨느냐 geodusyeonneunya	거두셨어 geodusyeosseo	거두셨어요 geodusyeosseoyo	거두셨습니까 geodusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		거두시라 geodusira	거두셔 geodusyeo	거두세요 geoduseyo	거두십시오 geodusipsio
Assertive		거두시겠다 geodusigetda	거두시겠어 geodusigesseo	거두시겠어요 geodusigesseoyo	거두시겠습니다 geodusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		거두셔 geodusyeo	거두셔서 geodusyeoseo	거두시니 geodusini	거두시니까 geodusinikka
Contrast		거두시지만 geodusijiman	거두시는데 geodusineunde	거두시더니 geodusideoni
Conjunction		거두시고 geodusigo
Condition		거두시면 geodusimyeon	거두셔야 geodusyeoya
Motive		거두시려고 geodusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		거두심 geodusim	거두시기 geodusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		거두셨음 geodusyeosseum	거두셨기 geodusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	거두신 geodusin
	Present	거두시는 geodusineun
	Future	거두실 geodusil

Middle Korean

Etymology

걷- (ket-, “to gather”) +‎ -우- (-wu-, “causative suffix”).

Pronunciation

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽kɘ̀tútá⫽

Verb

거두〮다〮 (kètwútá) (infinitive 거두〮어〮)

1. to gather, collect
   • a. 1517, 번역노걸대 [beonyeongnogeoldae], translation of original in Chinese, page 13a:

     깁과 고로와 소옴ᄃᆞᆯ 거두워 사 王京(와ᇰ겨ᇰ)의 도라가 ᄑᆞᆯ라 가노라

     Kip-kwa kwolwo-wa swowom-tol ketwu-we sa WANG.KYENG-uy twolaka phol-la ka-nwola

     [original: 收買些絹子綾子緜子, 迴還王京賣去。]

     I am going back to Wangkyeng to sell after collecting and buying various kinds of silk and cotton fabric.

Alternative forms

• 거도다 (ketwota)