들
|
드득듞듟든듡듢 듣들듥듦듧듨듩 듪듫듬듭듮듯듰 등듲듳듴듵듶듷 | |
듀 ← | → 듸 |
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Korean[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 드릏〮 (Yale: tùlúh), and subsequently as 듫〯 (Yale: tǔlh), the contracted form.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɯ(ː)ɭ]
- Phonetic hangeul: [들(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | deul |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | deul |
McCune–Reischauer? | tŭl |
Yale Romanization? | tūl |
South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 들의 / 들에 / 들까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.
Noun[edit]
들 • (deul)
Etymology 2[edit]
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆶ〮 (Yale: tólh).
Sometimes regarded as a nativized form of Middle Chinese 達 (MC dɑt̚), but this is unlikely, since Middle Korean has a final cluster which is difficult to explain phonetically as a result of borrowing. However, it may be cognate with Japanese 達 (たち, tachi), which is also a pluralizer.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɯɭ]
- Phonetic hangeul: [들]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | deul |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | deul |
McCune–Reischauer? | tŭl |
Yale Romanization? | tul |
Particle[edit]
들 • (deul)
Usage notes[edit]
- Korean does not grammatically distinguish between singular and plural nouns. Thus, while 사람들 (saramdeul) means "people", 사람 (saram) can mean either "person" or "people", depending on context.
- 들 (deul) is rarely used with nouns denoting inanimate objects. It is more often used with nouns denoting animate objects (people and animals), but then only when it is semantically necessary to make a distinction between singular and plural, or to emphasize plurality.
Etymology 3[edit]
Of native Korean origin.
Verb[edit]
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