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𐽰𐽰𐽲

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Old Uyghur

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Orthographic variants
Orkhon script 𐰀𐰴 (ak¹)
Syriac script ܐܐܥ (ʾʾʿ)
Brāhmī script 𑀆𑀕𑁆 (ā+g)

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āg (“crotch, the space between the thighs”). Cognate with Karakhanid آغْ (ʾḡ /⁠āġ⁠/).

Noun

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𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aġ/)

  1. the space between the thighs
    • a. 9th century, Türkische Heilkunde section 2-3, lines 21-23:[1][2][3][4] (T.I.D.120.2-3 recto:10-11; recto:01 // U 5590.2-3)
      𐾀𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽳𐽾𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽶𐾀 𐽻𐽳𐽶𐾀 𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽶𐽽𐽷𐽳𐾁𐾈 𐽼𐽰𐾀 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽻 𐽶 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽹𐽰𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐽲𐾄𐽶𐽻𐽶𐽾 𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽵𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐽲 𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽻𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽻𐽶𐽺𐽸𐽰 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽸𐾃𐽳𐽻𐾃𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐾈
      tyšy kyšy twyšwrʾyyn tysʾr ʾyt swyt yn ʾyckwl. pʾt twysʾr ʾvys y twyšmʾsʾr q̈ysyr yn ʾwrwxyn ʾʾq y ʾʾrʾsy ʾʾrʾsyndʾ twyḍwṣkw ʾwl.
      /Tiši kiši tüšüräyin tisär ït sütin ičgül; bat tüšär, ävisi[n 1] tüšmäsär ḳïsïrïn uruġïn aġï arasï arasïnda tütüzgü ol./
      For when a woman is about to give birth, she should drink [= be given] dog's milk; and if her water breaks [yet] her companion [= child] does not arrive one should cense [= burn] ḳïsïrïn[n 2] seeds between her legs.
    • a. 10th century, Türkische Turfantexte VII section 26, lines 8-12:[5] (T.II.D.213 recto:08-12)
      𐽱𐽳𐽻 𐽶𐽺 𐽽𐽶𐽴 𐽸𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽼𐾈 𐾀𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽶𐽽 𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽶 𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺 𐽸𐽰 𐽼𐽰𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽼𐾈 𐽻𐽰𐽷𐽴 𐽶𐽺𐽽 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽱𐽳 𐽺𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽼𐾈 𐽲𐽳𐾅𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽼𐾈 𐽲𐽳𐾅𐾁𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽼𐾈
      vws yn cyz dwrwp. tyšy kyšy nynk ʾyc twny nynk ʾʾqyn dʾ pʾklʾp. sʾkz ync kwyn vw ny ʾʾlyp. qw̤ywrwp. qw̤lyn ʾʾlyp.
      /Fusïn čïzdurup, tiši kišiniŋ ič tonïnïŋ aḳïnda bäkläp; säkzinč kün funï alïp, küyürüp, külin alïp.../
      One should have a talisman[n 3] inscribed and have it fastened between the thigh [region] of the undergarments of a woman; [then] in the eighth day [= after eight days] take the talisman back, apply fire on it and secure the [remaining] ashes […]

Declension

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Declension of 𐽰𐽰𐽲
Note: Not all forms are attested.
— singular definite plural
nominative 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾqlʾr)
genitive 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾqnynk) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾqlʾrnynk)
dative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰 (ʾʾqqʾ) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (ʾʾqlʾrqʾ)
accusative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqyq)
𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾqny) 		𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqlʾryq)
𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾqlʾrny)
locative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾqtʾ) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾqlʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqtyn) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqlʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqyn) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqlʾryn)
equative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽽𐽰 (ʾʾqcʾ) —
directive 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾʾqqʾrw) —
similative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾʾqlʾyw) —

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • ⇒ Western Yugur: aɣuj (diminutive, euphemistic)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Middle Chinese 惡 (ʔɑk̚, “evil, wicked; foul”).

Adjective

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𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/)

  1. despised, hated; bad, vile
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾyyq), 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz), 𐽷𐽰𐽷 (kʾk), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽽 (ʾwyc), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽷𐽰 (ʾwyvkʾ), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴 (ʾwyz)
    • c. 10th century, anonymous, The Story of the Two Princes: Kalyāṇaṃkara and Pāpaṃkara pages 62-63, lines 4-7; 1-2:[6][7]
      𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽸𐽳𐽺 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽺𐽷 𐽶 𐽲𐽰𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽲 𐽲𐾄𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽺𐽽𐾁𐽲 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 𐾀𐽶𐽼 𐽻𐽶𐽴𐾃𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽳𐽹 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐾀𐽶 𐽰𐽾𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐽹𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽳𐽴𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽹𐽰 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽺
      ʾwl ʾwydwn q̈ʾnk y qʾn ʾʾyyq q̈ylynclq ʾʾq̈ ʾwqlyn ʾyncʾ typ syẓynty ʾʾmrʾq̈ ʾwqlwm ʾwylty ʾrsʾr mwnwnk ywzyn ymʾ kwyrmʾyyn
      /Ol ödün ḳaŋï ḳan, ayïġ ḳïlïnčlïġ aḳ oġlïn inčä sezinti: "Amraḳ oġlum ölti ärsär munuŋ yüzin yemä körmäyin!"/
      Thereupon his father, the Khan, got suspicious of [the wellbeing of] his despised and misbehaving [= bad-mannered] son and said: "If my beloved son is killed, let me never see [that man's] face ever again!"
    • c. 13th-14th centuries, Bäküz-kyä & Marḳuz, Nestorianische Türkische Texte (F: Ritualtexte):[8][9][10] (T.III.Kurutka recto:07 / U 330 + U 334)
      ܐܐܥ ܣܐܥܝܢܫ ܠܝܥ ܝܐܬ
      ʾʾʿ sʾʿync lyʿ yʾt
      /Aḳ saḳïnčlïġ yat.../
      The enemy with hateful thoughts...

Derived terms

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Etymology 3

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āk (“white; bright”). Perhaps related to Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /⁠al⁠/, “red”).

Less common in usage than 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /⁠yürüŋ⁠/).

Adjective

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𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/)

  1. white; clear, light, bright
    Synonyms: 𐽽𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (cʾqʾn), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk)
    • c. 768 CE, Faptsun Şäli & Tsupa Äkä, Maitrisimit Nom Bitig chapter 2, page 5, line 14-16:[11][12]
      𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐽰𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽴 𐽳𐽺𐽽 𐽹𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽻𐽳𐽴 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾄 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽴𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶 𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽾
      ʾwyc ʾwtwz wnc mwynswz ʾʾqlʾq̈ ʾʾq̈ ywrwnk ʾʾzʾqlʾry ʾrwr
      /Üč otuzunč: Münsüz aġlaḳ aḳ yürüŋ azaġlarï ärür./
      Twenty third: He has immaculate and uniquely white(Hend.) canine teeth.
    • c. 930 CE, anonymous, Irḳ Bitig entry 05:[13][14][15] (Or.8212/161:9R)
      𐰋𐰏⸱𐱁⸱𐰖𐰆𐰣𐱃𐰃𐰭𐰺𐰆⸱𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾⸱𐰀𐰴⸱𐰋𐰃𐰾𐰃⸱𐰴𐰆𐰞𐰆𐰣𐰞𐰀𐰢𐰃𐰾⸱
      b²g²⸱š⸱y¹wn¹t¹iŋr¹w⸱b¹r¹mis²⸱ak¹⸱b²is²i⸱k¹wl¹wn¹l¹amis²⸱
      /Bäg är yuntïŋaru barmïš. Aḳ bisi ḳulunlamïš./
      A nobleman checked on his horses. His white mare had given birth to a foal.

Proper noun

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𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /Aḳ/)

  1. a female given name

Declension

[edit]
Declension of 𐽰𐽰𐽲
Note: Not all forms are attested.
— singular definite plural
nominative 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾqlʾr)
genitive 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾqnynk) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾqlʾrnynk)
dative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰 (ʾʾqqʾ) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (ʾʾqlʾrqʾ)
accusative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqyq)
𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾqny) 		𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾqlʾryq)
𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾqlʾrny)
locative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾqtʾ) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾqlʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqtyn) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqlʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqyn) 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾqlʾryn)
equative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽽𐽰 (ʾʾqcʾ) —
directive 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾʾqqʾrw) —
similative 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾʾqlʾyw) —

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Western Yugur: aq

See also

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Colors in Old Uyghur · 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk) (layout · text)
     𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk)      𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk)      𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ)
             𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl)              𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz)              𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq)
                          𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl)             
                          𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk)             
                          𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn)             

Notes

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  1. ^ Misspelling. Should be read as eši.
  2. ^ Exact botanical meaning of ḳïsïrïn is unknown. No cognates in other Turkic languages or languages that Uyghurs had contact with has yet been located.
  3. ^ "Talisman" (Uyghur fu) here most likely refers to a charm, eqv. 符 (bju).

References

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  1. ^ Rahmeti, G. R. (1930). Zur Heilkunde der Uiguren. Akademie-Verlag. (p. 454)
  2. ^ Knüppel, M. (2013). Alttürkische Handschriften: Heilkundliche, Volksreligiöse und Ritualtexte. Franz Steiner Verlag. (p. 42)
  3. ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/u/images/u055902.jpg
  4. ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/u/images/u055903.jpg
  5. ^ Rahmeti, G. R., & Eberhard, W. (1937). Türkische Turfantexte VII: Mit Sinologischen Anmerkungen. Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften. (p. 36)
  6. ^ https://idp.bl.uk/collection/C92A82726FB62248970705830677D0A9/
  7. ^ Hamilton, J. R. (1998). Budacı İyi ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası: Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara (E. Korkut & İ. Birkan, Trans.) Simurg. (p. ---)
  8. ^ Zieme, P. (2015). Altuigurische Texte der Kirche des Ostens aus Zentralasien. Gorgias Eastern Christian studies. (pp. 78)
  9. ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/u/images/u0330recto.jpg
  10. ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/u/images/u0334verso.jpg
  11. ^ Gěng S. (耿世民). (2007). 回鹘文哈密本 《弥勒会见记》 研究. 中央民族大学出版社. (p. 107)
  12. ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Maitrisimit_0-2.htm#179823
  13. ^ https://idp.bl.uk/collection/0EB6E2F74517416E9C8C2A63B67BD21D/?return=%2Fcollection%2F%3Fterm%3DBook%2520of%2520Omens
  14. ^ Tekin, T. (1994). Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens. Harrassowitz Verlag. https://archive.org/details/irk-bitig/page/22/mode/2up (p. 8)
  15. ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Irk_Bitig.htm#142881
  • Caferoğlu, A. (1968). Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. (pp. 6, 9)
  • Clauson, G. (1972). An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish. Oxford University Press. (p. 75)
  • Nadeljaev, V. M., Nasilov, D. M., Tenishev, E. R., & Shcherbak, A. M. (1969). Древнетюркский Словарь. USSR Academy of Sciences: Nauka. (pp. 16, 48)
  • Wilkens, J. (2021). Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. (pp. 16, 22-23)
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