𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• bhikkhā (Latin script)
• भिक्खा (Devanagari script)
• ভিক্খা (Bengali script)
• භික‍්ඛා (Sinhalese script)
• ဘိက္ခာ or ꧤိၵ္ၶႃ or ꧤိၵ်ၶႃ (Burmese script)
• ภิกฺขา or ภิกขา (Thai script)
• ᨽᩥᨠ᩠ᨡᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ຠິກ຺ຂາ or ຠິກຂາ (Lao script)
• ភិក្ខា (Khmer script)
• 𑄞𑄨𑄇𑄴𑄈𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 f

1. Brahmi script form of bhikkhā

Declension

Declension table of "𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁄 (bhikkhāyo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)
Accusative (second)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (bhikkhaṃ)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁄 (bhikkhāyo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)
Instrumental (third)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬 (bhikkhāya)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (bhikkhāhi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀪𑀺 (bhikkhābhi)
Dative (fourth)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬 (bhikkhāya)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀁 (bhikkhānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬 (bhikkhāya)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (bhikkhāhi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀪𑀺 (bhikkhābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬 (bhikkhāya)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀁 (bhikkhānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬 (bhikkhāya) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬𑀁 (bhikkhāyaṃ)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀲𑀼 (bhikkhāsu)
Vocative (calling)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (bhikkhe)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁄 (bhikkhāyo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀪𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (bhicchā)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-

Sanskrit भज् (bhaj)

Sanskrit भिक्ष् (bhikṣ)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Sanskrit -आ (-ā)

Sanskrit भि॒क्षा (bhikṣā́)

Prakrit 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸

Inherited from Sanskrit भि॒क्षा (bhikṣā́), from भिक्ष् (bhikṣ) + -आ (-ā). Cognate with Pali bhikkhā.

Noun

𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā) f (Devanagari भिक्खा, Kannada ಭಿಕ್ಖಾ) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī)

1. alms, begging
   • c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti II. Sanaṃkumāra page 27 line 33:

     𑀢𑀑 𑀙𑀝𑁆𑀞-𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸-𑀦𑀺𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀕𑁄𑀬𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀲𑁆𑀲
     𑀧𑀠𑀫𑀁-𑀏𑀯 𑀘𑀺𑀡𑀸-𑀓𑀽𑀭𑀁 𑀙𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀸-𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂𑀡 𑀤𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀦𑀁

     tao chaṭṭha-bhatteṇa bhikkhā-nimittaṃ goyaraṃ paviṭṭhassa
     paḍhamaṃ-eva ciṇā-kūraṃ chaliyā-takkeṇa dinnaṃ

     • 1909 translation by John Jacob Meyer

       Thereupon, having fasted for two days and a half, he entered his begging district
       and at once was given millet porridge with goat's buttermilk.

   • c. 1140, Laksmaṇa Gaṇi, Supāsanāha Caria page २७७, line ३८:

     𑀯𑀺𑀫𑀮𑁄 𑀪𑀡𑁂𑀇 𑀧𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 𑀢𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛 𑀮𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀢𑀼 𑀓𑀼𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀸
     𑀦𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀁 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 𑀪𑀫𑀁𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀲𑁂 𑀕𑀳𑀺𑀏 𑀫𑀏

     vimalo bhaṇei pāesu tujjha laggaṃtu kukurā
     niccaṃ bhikkhaṃ bhamaṃtassa savvasse gahie mae

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (feminine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (bhikkhāo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (bhikkhāu) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)
Accusative	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (bhikkhaṃ)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (bhikkhāo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (bhikkhāu) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)
Instrumental	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀏 (bhikkhāe) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (bhikkhāi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (bhikkhāa)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (bhikkhāhi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (bhikkhāhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (bhikkhāo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (bhikkhāu)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (bhikkhāhiṃto)
Genitive	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀏 (bhikkhāe) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (bhikkhāi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (bhikkhāa)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (bhikkhāṇa) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (bhikkhāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀏 (bhikkhāe) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (bhikkhāi) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (bhikkhāa)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀲𑀼 (bhikkhāsu) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (bhikkhāsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (bhikkhe) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)	𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (bhikkhāo) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (bhikkhāu) or 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (bhikkhā)

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindustani:
    • Hindi: भीख (bhīkh), भीक (bhīk)
    • Urdu: بِھیک (bhīk)
• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bengali-Assamese:
    • Bengali: ভিখ (bhikh)
  • Bihari:
    • Magahi: 𑂦𑂲𑂎 (bhīkh)
    • Maithili:

      Devanagari script: भीख (bhīkh)

      Tirhuta script: 𑒦𑒲𑒐 (bhīkh)

  • Odia: ଭିକ (bhika), ଭିଖ (bhikha)
• Insular Indo-Aryan:
  • Sinhalese: බික් (bik)
• Northern Indo-Aryan:
  • Nepali: भिख (bhikh)
  • Western Pahari:
    • Dogri:

      Devanagari script: भिक्ख (bhikkh)

      Dogra script: 𑠡𑠭𑠊𑠹𑠋 (bhikkh)

• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Punjabi: ਭਿਖ (bhikha /⁠bhikkha⁠/), ਭੀਖ (bhīkha)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਭਿੱਖ (bhikkha)

      Shahmukhi script: بِھکّھ (bhikkh)

  • Saraiki:

    Shahmukhi script: بِھک (bhik)

    Devanagari script: भिक (bhik)

    Multani script: 𑊟𑊄 (bhk)

  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: بِيکَ (bīkha)

    Devanagari script: बीख (bīkha)

    Khudabadi script: 𑋔𑋢𑊻 (bīkha)

• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Konkani:

    Devanagari script: भीक

    Kannada script: ಭಿಕ್

    Latin script: bhik

  • Old Marathi: bhīka

    Devanagari script: भीक

    Modi script: 𑘥𑘲𑘎

    • Marathi: भीक (bhīk)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Ahirani: भिक (bhik), भीक (bhīk)
  • Gujarati: ભીખ (bhīkh)
  • Marwari:

    Devanagari script: भीख (bhīkh)

    Mahajani script: 𑅫𑅑𑅖 (bhikh)

References

• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “भिक्खा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 652.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “bhikkhā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 540