-εις

See also: Appendix:Variations of "εις"

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• -ϝεις (-weis)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-wénts. See -οῦς (-oûs) and Latin -ōsus.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eːs/ → /is/ → /is/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /is/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /is/

Suffix

-εις • (-eis) m (feminine -εσσᾰ, neuter -εν); first/third declension

1. -ful

Usage notes

• Words taking this suffix have paroxytone accent, as in χᾰρῐ́εις (khărĭ́eis).

Inflection

First and third declension of -εις; -εσσᾰ; -εν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-εις -eis	-εσσᾰ -essă	-εν -en		-εντε -ente	-εσσᾱ -essā	-εντε -ente		-εντες -entes	-εσσαι -essai	-εντᾰ -entă
Genitive		-εντος -entos	-εσσης -essēs	-εντος -entos		-εντοιν -entoin	-εσσαιν -essain	-εντοιν -entoin		-εντων -entōn	-εσσῶν -essôn	-εντων -entōn
Dative		-εντῐ -entĭ	-εσσῃ -essēi	-εντῐ -entĭ		-εντοιν -entoin	-εσσαιν -essain	-εντοιν -entoin		-εισῐ -εισῐν -eisĭ(n)	-εσσαις -essais	-εισῐ -εισῐν -eisĭ(n)
Accusative		-εντᾰ -entă	-εσσᾰν -essăn	-εν -en		-εντε -ente	-εσσᾱ -essā	-εντε -ente		-εντᾰς -entăs	-εσσᾱς -essās	-εντᾰ -entă
Vocative		-εν -en	-εσσᾰ -essă	-εν -en		-εντε -ente	-εσσᾱ -essā	-εντε -ente		-εντες -entes	-εσσαι -essai	-εντᾰ -entă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-εντως -entōs				-έστερος -ésteros				-έστᾰτος -éstătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -εις

Pithecusa

αἰθαλόεις

αἱματόεις

ἀλθήεις

ἀμπελόεις

ἀνθεμόεις

ἀνθρακόεις

ἀργήεις

ἀργινόεις

ἀστερόεις

αὐδήεις

βροτόεις

δακρυόεις

δινήεις

εὐρώεις

ἠερόεις

ἠμαθόεις

ἠνεμόεις

θυσανόεις

ἱμερόεις

ἰόεις

ἰχθυόεις

λαμπαδόεις

ὀκριόεις

ὀμφαλόεις

παιπαλόεις

Πιθηκοῦσαι

πλακόεις

ποιήεις

πτερόεις

ῥοδόεις

στονόεις

τελήεις

ὑλήεις

φθογγήεις

φωνήεις

χαρίεις

• Many toponyms and, often nesonym, are formed with the feminine form, lengthened with -o- and contracted, -οῦσσα or -οῦσα:
  • Αιγνούσα (Aignoúsa) (latin Aegnussae)
  • Ἀργινοῦσσαι (Arginoûssai) or Ἀργινοῦσαι, related to ἀργής
  • Ἀνθεμοῦσσα (Anthemoûssa), related to Ἀνθεμοῦς
  • Κρομυοῦσσα (Kromuoûssa), from κρόμυον or κρόμμυον
  • Δρυμοῦσσα (Drumoûssa) (latin Drymusa), from δρῦς
  • Ἐλαιοῦσσα (Elaioûssa), from ἐλαία
  • Ἰχνοῦσσα (Ikhnoûssa) (latin Ichnusa), from ἴχνος?
  • Λαγοῦσσα (Lagoûssa) or Λάγουσα (Lágousa)
  • Μηλοῦσσα (Mēloûssa), from μῆλον
  • Οἰνοῦσσαι (Oinoûssai) (latin Oenussae), from οἶνος
  • Ὀφιοῦσσα (Ophioûssa) (latin Ophiussa), from ὄφις
  • Πιθηκοῦσαι (Pithēkoûsai) or Πιθηκοῦσαι, derived from πίθηκος
  • Πιτυοῦσσαι (Pituoûssai) (latin Pityusae), from πίτυς
  • Σχοινοῦσσα (Skhoinoûssa), from σχοῖνος
  • Σειρηνοῦσσαι (Seirēnoûssai), from Σειρήν
  • Φωκοῦσσαι (Phōkoûssai), from φώκη
• Those related to the island of Sicily
  • Αἴγουσσαι (Aígoussai) (latin Aegusae), from αἴξ
  • Ἐρικοῦσσα (Erikoûssa) (latin Ericūsa), supposedly from ἐρείκη
  • Λοπαδοῦσσα (Lopadoûssa) (latin Lopadūsa), unknown
  • Πυργούσσα (Purgoússa) (latin Pergusa), possibly from πῠ́ργος
  • Ραγούσιον (Ragoúsion) (latin Ragusia), unknown
  • Συρᾱ́κουσαι (Surā́kousai) (latin Syracusae), from an unattested (possibly Pre-Greek)*συράκ-
  • Φοινικοῦσσα (Phoinikoûssa) (latin Phoenicusa), from φοῖνιξ (phoînix)

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858.3
• García Alonso, J. L (2010), Ancient Greek Names in -oussa in the West of the Mediterranean