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-ний

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: НИИ and ний

Mongolian

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MongolianCyrillic
᠊ᠨ ᠦ
(-n-ü)
-ний
(-nii)

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ний (-nii)

  1. Marks the genitive case in the hidden-n declension:
    1. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant.
      хөх (xöx, city) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎хөхний (xöxnii, city's)
    2. After a front vowel stem ending in a long vowel, diphthong or iotated vowel.
      чинжүү (činžüü, pepper) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎чинжүүний (činžüünii, of pepper)
    3. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant followed by a short vowel (which is retained).
      шилбэ (šilbe, shin) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎шилбэний (šilbenii, of the shin)
  2. Forms patronymics.

Alternative forms

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Russian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ. Cognate with Ukrainian -ний (-nyj), Polish -ny, Belarusian -ні (-ni), Ukrainian -ній (-nij). Soft variant of -ный (-nyj).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ний (-nij)

  1. used to form adjectives from nouns, often relational (meaning "related to X"); a less common variant of -ный (-nyj)
    сосе́д (soséd, neighbor) + ‎-ний (-nij) → ‎сосе́дний (sosédnij, neighboring)
    пятиле́тие (pjatilétije, five-year period) + ‎-ний (-nij) → ‎пятиле́тний (pjatilétnij, five-year)

Usage notes

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  • When short forms exist, the short masculine singular is often missing. When present, it is -ен.

Declension

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Derived terms

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Ukrainian

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ + *-jь (/⁠Suffix 1⁠/).

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -ний or -ни́й (-nyj or -nýj) (feminine -на, variant -ній)

    1. Used to form adjectives from nouns; -ish, -y.
      го́лос (hólos) + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎голосни́й (holosnýj)
      Latin vītalis + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎вітальний (vitalʹnyj, vital)
    2. -ic, -al, -ed; having a particular quality of, pertaining to, associated with; forms adjectives from nouns, and sometimes from verbs
      бешкетувати (bešketuvaty) + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎бешке́тний (beškétnyj)

    Declension

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    Declension of -ни́й (hard)
    singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine
    nominative -ни́й
    -nýj
    -не́
    -né
    -на́
    -ná
    -ні́
    -ní
    genitive -но́го
    -nóho
    -но́ї
    -nóji
    -ни́х
    -nýx
    dative -но́му
    -nómu
    -ні́й
    -níj
    -ни́м
    -ným
    accusative animate -но́го
    -nóho
    -не́
    -né
    -ну́
    -nú
    -ни́х
    -nýx
    inanimate -ни́й
    -nýj
    -ні́
    -ní
    instrumental -ни́м
    -ným
    -но́ю
    -nóju
    -ни́ми
    -nýmy
    locative -но́му, -ні́м
    -nómu, -ním
    -ні́й
    -níj
    -ни́х
    -nýx
    vocative -ни́й
    -nýj
    -не́
    -né
    -на́
    -ná
    -ні́
    -ní

    Derived terms

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    See also

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