-тай

See also: таи, тај, and тай

Mongolian

Etymology 1

Mongolian	Cyrillic
᠊ᠲᠠᠢ (-tai)	-тай (-taj)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-тай • (-taj)

1. Used to form adjectives from nouns.

Inflection

Vowel harmonic forms of -тай 

	back vowel	front vowel
unrounded	-тай -taj	-тэй -tej
rounded	-той -toj

Etymology 2

Mongolian	Cyrillic
ᠲᠠᠢ (-tai)	-тай (-taj)

From the development of the derivational suffix into a case form.

Suffix

-тай • (-taj)

1. Marks the comitative case:
   1. In the regular and hidden-n declensions after a stem ending in a consonant.

      ‎муур (muur, “cat”) + ‎-тай (-taj) → ‎мууртай (muurtaj, “with the cat”)

   2. In the regular and hidden-n declensions after a long vowel, diphthong, iotated vowel or short vowel (which is retained).

      ‎малгай (malgaj, “hat”) + ‎-тай (-taj) → ‎малгайтай (malgajtaj, “with a hat”)

   3. In the regular and hidden-n declensions after a stem ending in б (b), в (v), г (g), л (l), м (m), н (n) or р (r) followed by ь (ʹ) or и (i) (which is retained).

      ‎туурь (tuurʹ, “ruins”) + ‎-тай (-taj) → ‎туурьтай (tuurʹtaj, “with the ruins”)

   4. In the hidden-g declension.

      ‎хувин (xuvin, “bucket”) + ‎-тай (-taj) → ‎хувинтай (xuvintaj, “[along] with a bucket”)

2. With numerals, expresses age in years.

   чи арвантай болно. ― či arvantaj bolno. ― You will be ten years old.

Inflection

Vowel harmonic forms of -тай 

	back vowel	front vowel
unrounded	-тай -taj	-тэй -tej
rounded	-той -toj

Alternative forms

• -итай (-itaj)