-il
Azerbaijani[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / Ə / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal except after L |
-ıl | -il | -ul | -ül |
after L | -ın | -in | -un | -ün |
postvocalic | -n |
-il
- Passive suffix.[1]
Usage notes[edit]
A notable irregularity is görmək, which takes -ün (instead of expected -ül):
Verbs with monosyllabic vowel-ending stems generally take a y before the suffixes -il, -in, or -iş:
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Širalijev, Mamedaga; Sevortjan, Ervand (1971), “-il”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, pages 106-108
Interlingua[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from French -ile, Italian -ile, Portuguese -il, all ultimately from Latin -īle.
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il
- forms nouns from nouns, denoting a place where animals are kept
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Alexander Gode; Hugh E. Blair (1955) Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN
Maltese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From the syllable -ar in Arabic عَشَر (ʕašar, “ten”). The same alternation between absolute and attributive form is found in most modern dialects of Arabic, though generally with the original consonant r preserved. Compare North Levantine Arabic تنعش (tnaʕš, “twelve”), attributively تنعشر (tnaʕšar).
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il
- Used to form the attributive form of cardinal numbers 11 to 19.
- erbatax (“fourteen”) → erbatax-il jum (“fourteen days”)
Usage notes[edit]
- The suffix is spelt with a hyphen for phonetic reasons. It is, namely, apart from a few recent borrowings from English the only case where preconsonantal i in a final syllable is short. Thus, /ɛrbaˈtaːʃɪl/ is rendered as erbatax-il rather than *erbataxil, which latter should be pronounced */ɛrbataˈʃiːl/.
Middle English[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il
- Alternative form of -el (“agentive suffix”)
Northern Sami[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Samic *-jēlē.
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il
- Forms adjectives from verbs, indicating an inclination or tendency to perform the verb's action.
Usage notes[edit]
- This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Inflection[edit]
Odd, no gradation | ||
---|---|---|
Attributive | -ilis | |
Nominative | -il | |
Genitive | -ila | |
Attributive | -ilis | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | -il | -ilat |
Accusative | -ila | -iliid |
Genitive | -ila | -iliid |
Illative | -ilii | -iliidda |
Locative | -ilis | -iliin |
Comitative | -iliin | -iliiguin |
Essive | -ilin |
Derived terms[edit]
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il m (noun-forming suffix, plural -is)
- indicating a place for holding a specified type of animal
Etymology 2[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -is)
- -ile (tending to or capable of)
Usage notes[edit]
- Most adjectives with this suffix are borrowed as a whole word from Latin rather than formed using this suffix in Portuguese.
Derived terms[edit]
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -iles)
- -ile (indicating relation or pertaining to)
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “-il”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Turkish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal except after L |
-ıl | -il | -ul | -ül |
after L | -ın | -in | -un | -ün |
postvocalic | -n |
-il
- Passive suffix.
Derived terms[edit]
Volapük[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-il
- Used to form diminutives
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani suffixes
- Interlingua terms borrowed from French
- Interlingua terms derived from French
- Interlingua terms borrowed from Italian
- Interlingua terms derived from Italian
- Interlingua terms borrowed from Portuguese
- Interlingua terms derived from Portuguese
- Interlingua terms derived from Latin
- Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua suffixes
- Maltese terms inherited from Arabic
- Maltese terms derived from Arabic
- Maltese 1-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese suffixes
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English suffixes
- Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami suffixes
- Northern Sami adjective-forming suffixes
- Northern Sami odd adjectives
- Northern Sami non-gradating odd adjectives
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese suffixes
- Portuguese noun-forming suffixes
- Portuguese countable suffixes
- Portuguese masculine suffixes
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese adjective-forming suffixes
- Portuguese feminine suffixes
- Portuguese suffixes with multiple genders
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish suffixes
- Spanish adjective-forming suffixes
- Spanish epicene suffixes
- Spanish masculine suffixes
- Spanish feminine suffixes
- Spanish suffixes with multiple genders
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish suffixes
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük suffixes