-umas
See also: umas
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Baltic *-umas, possibly from an earlier suffix *-ma(s) added to a u-stem (e.g., Lithuanian saugùs (“safe, sure”), saugù-mas), from which the u was reinterpreted as part of the suffix and then extended to other stems.
Compare Samogitian -oms, Latvian -ums.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ùmas m (plural -ùmai) stress pattern 2
- Added mostly to adjectives ending in -as and -us to form nouns indicating a state of being, similar to (and frequently corresponding to) -ness, -ence
Declension
[edit]| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | -ùmas | -ùmai |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | -ùmo | -ùmų |
| dative (naudininkas) | -ùmui | -ùmams |
| accusative (galininkas) | -ùmą | -umùs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | -umù | -ùmais |
| locative (vietininkas) | -umè | -ùmuose |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | -ùme | -ùmai |