-x

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English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. Used to represent a value that may vary: see x.
    I teach all of the 30x classes. (referring to classes numbered 301, 302, 303, etc)

See also[edit]

  • x (as in Latinx, etc)

Etymology 2[edit]

X is prototypically pronounced [ks] in English; it therefore serves as a convenient shorthand for the digraphs (cs, ks, etc.) or trigraphs (cks etc.) that would otherwise represent that consonant cluster.

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. (chiefly US, informal) Used to replace a /ks/ sound, especially in monosyllabic words ending in -cks or -ks.
    clox (clocks), folx (folks), hax (hacks), pix (pics), punx (punks), snax (snacks), sox (socks)

See also[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “perhaps modelled after Rx (prescription) < < Latin recipe?”

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. An abbreviation marker.
    Dx (diagnosis), elex (election), Hx (history), pax (passenger), RX (receive), TX (transmit)

Etymology 4[edit]

From the use of x as a neutral or nonspecific placeholder.

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. (neologism) Used to replace a gendered suffix, such as in alumnx, Chicanx, Latinx.

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From a medieval ligature for -us, which looked similar to the letter x and was ultimately treated as identical to it. Thus Old French voyeus (vowel) was also spelt voyex, for instance. Later on the u was reinserted before the -x and this latter thus became an alternative spelling of -s in said position.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Silent, except in liaison environments, when it may be pronounced /z‿/. This liaison is usual in adjectives, but fairly rare in nouns.

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. Used to form the regular plurals of nouns and adjectives in -au and -eu.
    dieu → dieuxgod → gods
    noyau → noyauxcore → cores
    hébreu → hébreuxHebrew → Hebrews
  2. Used to form the irregular plurals of a few nouns in -ou (which regularly add -s).
    pou → pouxlouse → lice

Derived terms[edit]

Category French terms suffixed with -x not found

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ A.H. Edgren: A compendious French grammar, Boston, 1890, p. 31

Maltese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic شَيْء (šayʔ, thing). The same negation suffix is found in most North African and some Levantine dialects of Arabic.

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. Used together with the particle ma to negate verbs and adverbs
    jikteb → ma jiktibx
    he writes → he doesn’t write
  2. Used on its own or with the particle la to express a negated imperative
    tikteb → tiktibx or: la tiktibx
    you write → don't write

Usage notes[edit]

  • A suffixed -x, etymologically from the same Arabic noun as the above, also occurs in a handful of Maltese words without a negative meaning, e.g. kollox (everything), aktarx (rather, probably).

Portuguese[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-x

  1. (nonstandard, neologism, informal) a gender-neutral, normally not pronounced suffix that replaces -o and -a in nouns, adjectives and pronouns
    Synonym: -e
    Somos todxs um.We are all one.

Spanish[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-x m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -xs)
-x m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -xs)

  1. (nonstandard, neologism) a gender-neutral suffix that replaces -o and -a in nouns, adjectives and pronouns