Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/voda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wédōr, collective of of PIE r/n-stem heteroclitic *wódr̥ (genitive *udnós).

Balto-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian vanduõ, Latvian ûdens and Old Prussian wundan.

Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit उदन् (udán), Hittite 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr), Latin unda, Old Irish uisce, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō), Old English wæter.

Noun

*vodà f

1. water

Inflection

Declension of *vodà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vodà	*vȍdě	*vȍdy
genitive	*vodý	*vodù	*vòdъ
dative	*vodě̀	*vodàma	*vodàmъ
accusative	*vȍdǫ	*vȍdě	*vȍdy
instrumental	*vodojǫ́	*vodàma	*vodàmi
locative	*vȍdě	*vodù	*vodàsъ, *vodàxъ*
vocative	*vodo	*vȍdě	*vȍdy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Related terms

• *vydra (“otter”)

Descendants

• Old East Slavic: вода (voda)
  • Belarusian: вада́ (vadá)
  • Russian: вода́ (vodá)
    • English: vodka (loanword from the derived term во́дка (vódka))
  • Carpathian Rusyn: вода́ (vodá)
  • Ukrainian: вода́ (vodá)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: вода (voda)

    Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voda)

  • Bulgarian: вода́ (vodá)
  • Macedonian: во́да (vóda)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: во̀да

    Latin script: vòda

  • Slovene: vóda (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: voda
  • Kashubian: wòda
  • Polabian: vådă
  • Polish: woda
  • Silesian: woda
  • Slovak: voda
  • Slovincian: vʉ̀ɵ̯dą
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wóda
    • Upper Sorbian: woda

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*voda”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 523