гора

See also: горя and ropa

Belarusian

Etymology

Related to гарэ́ць (harécʹ, “to burn, to be consumed by fire”). Cognates include Russian го́ре (góre), Ukrainian го́ре (hóre).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɣora]
• IPA^(key): [ˈɦɔrɐ]

Noun

го́ра • (hóra) n inan (genitive го́ра, uncountable)

1. (uncountable) grief, distress, sadness
2. (uncountable) trouble
3. (uncountable) misfortune, disaster

Declension

Declension of го́ра (inan sg-only hard neut-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	го́ра hóra
genitive	го́ра hóra
dative	го́ру hóru
accusative	го́ра hóra
instrumental	го́рам hóram
locative	го́ры hóry

References

• “гора” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

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Bulgarian

гора

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡoˈra]

Noun

гора́ • (gorá) f (relational adjective го́рски, diminutive гори́ца or гори́чка)

1. wood, forest, woods
2. (obsolete, used in names) mountain

   Synonym: планина́ (planiná)

   Сре́дна гора́ ― Srédna gorá ― Sredna Gora (literally, “Middle Mountain”)

Declension

Declension of гора́

	singular	plural
indefinite	гора́ gorá	гори́ gorí
definite	гора́та goráta	гори́те goríte
vocative form	го́ро góro	гори́ gorí

References

• Template:R:RBE
• Template:R:RBE2

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Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɔɾa]

Noun

гора • (gora) f

1. forest
2. (archaic) mountain

Declension

Declension of гора

	singular	plural
indefinite	гора	гори
definite unspecified	гората	горите
definite proximal	горава	гориве
definite distal	горана	горине
vocative	горо	гори

Synonyms

• (forest): шума (šuma)
• (mountain): планина (planina)

References

• гора in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

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Old Church Slavonic

Рила Блъгарїѩ горꙑ ѥсть ⁙

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Noun

гора • (gora) f

1. mountain
   • from Vita Methodii, 0700300-0700310:

     а тꙑ любиши гороу вельми, то не мози горꙑ ради оставити оучениꙗ своѥго, паче бо можеши кꙑмь съпасенъ бꙑти.

     a ty ljubiši goru velĭmi, to ne mozi gory radi ostaviti učenija svojego, pače bo možeši kymĭ sŭpasenŭ byti.

     Though you have great love for the mountain, still leave not your teaching for the mountain’s sake, for you can sooner be saved through it.

Declension

Declension of гора (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	гор{{{2}}}а gor{{{2}}}a	гор{{{2}}}ѣ gor{{{2}}}ě	гор{{{2}}}ꙑ gor{{{2}}}y
genitive	гор{{{2}}}ꙑ gor{{{2}}}y	гор{{{2}}}оу gor{{{2}}}u	гор{{{2}}}ъ gor{{{2}}}ŭ
dative	гор{{{2}}}ѣ gor{{{2}}}ě	гор{{{2}}}ама gor{{{2}}}ama	гор{{{2}}}амъ gor{{{2}}}amŭ
accusative	гор{{{2}}}ѫ gor{{{2}}}ǫ	гор{{{2}}}ѣ gor{{{2}}}ě	гор{{{2}}}ꙑ gor{{{2}}}y
instrumental	гор{{{2}}}оѭ gor{{{2}}}ojǫ	гор{{{2}}}ама gor{{{2}}}ama	гор{{{2}}}ами gor{{{2}}}ami
locative	гор{{{2}}}ѣ gor{{{2}}}ě	гор{{{2}}}оу gor{{{2}}}u	гор{{{2}}}ахъ gor{{{2}}}axŭ
vocative	гор{{{2}}}о gor{{{2}}}o	гор{{{2}}}ѣ gor{{{2}}}ě	гор{{{2}}}ꙑ gor{{{2}}}y

Derived terms

• горьнъ (gorĭnŭ)
• горьнь (gorĭnĭ)
• горьши (gorĭši)
• горѣ (gorě)

References

• Nikolić, Svetozar (1989) Staroslovenski jezik: Pravopis, glasovi, oblici, Beograd

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Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Noun

гора (gora) f

1. mountain

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Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡɐˈra]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a

Noun

гора́ • (gorá) f inan (genitive горы́, nominative plural го́ры, genitive plural гор, relational adjective го́рный or го́рский, diminutive го́рка)

1. mountain

   в го́ру ― v góru ― uphill

   по́д гору ― pód goru ― downhill

2. heap, pile

Declension

Declension of гора́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-fʹ) 

	singular	plural
nominative	гора́ gorá	го́ры góry
genitive	горы́ gorý	го́р gór
dative	горе́ goré	гора́м gorám
accusative	го́ру góru	го́ры góry
instrumental	горо́й, горо́ю gorój, goróju	гора́ми gorámi
prepositional	горе́ goré	гора́х goráx

Pre-reform declension of гора́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-fʹ) 

	singular	plural
nominative	гора́ gorá	го́ры góry
genitive	горы́ gorý	го́ръ gór
dative	горѣ́ gorě́	гора́мъ gorám
accusative	го́ру góru	го́ры góry
instrumental	горо́й, горо́ю gorój, goróju	гора́ми gorámi
prepositional	горѣ́ gorě́	гора́хъ goráx

Related terms

• го́рец (górec)
• гори́стый (gorístyj)
• наго́рный (nagórnyj)
• на-гора́ (na-gorá)
• плоского́рье (ploskogórʹje)
• предго́рье (predgórʹje)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡǒra/
• Hyphenation: го‧ра

Noun

го̀ра f (Latin spelling gòra)

1. mountain
2. (regional, Croatia) hill, highland
3. (by extension, Croatia) forest, woods (forested hilly area)

Declension

Declension of гора

	singular	plural
nominative	го̀ра	горе
genitive	горе	го́ра̄
dative	гори	горама
accusative	гору	горе
vocative	го̏ро	горе
locative	гори	горама
instrumental	гором	горама

Derived terms

• го̀рскӣ

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Ukrainian

Говерла — найвища гора України.

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gora, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɦɔˈra]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

гора́ • (horá) f inan (genitive гори́, nominative plural го́ри, genitive plural гір, relational adjective гірни́й or гірськи́й or горови́й, diminutive гі́рка)

1. mountain

Declension

Declension of гора́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d о-і)

	singular	plural
nominative	гора́ horá	го́ри hóry
genitive	гори́ horý	гір hir
dative	горі́ horí	го́рам hóram
accusative	гору́ horú	го́ри hóry
instrumental	горо́ю horóju	го́рами hóramy
locative	горі́ horí	го́рах hórax
vocative	го́ро hóro	го́ри hóry

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “гора”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “гора”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)