Appendix:Bengali pronunciation
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The following tables show the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) used to represent the various sounds of the Bengali language.
The bnPR transcription is devised for cases when the transliteration of a given Bengali term is markedly different from the actual pronunciation. It should be used in the |ts= parameter of a headword template or a link template.
Vowels[edit]
The following tables list only oral monophthongs and all can be nasal. Nasal vowels generally occur in the Kolkata Standard, while nasalization is mostly absent in the Bangladeshi Standard.
| IPA | Examples | |
|---|---|---|
| Kolkata | Bangladeshi | |
| a | আমার | |
| æ | ɛ | এক |
| e | এলেম | |
| i | ইশারা | |
| ɔ | অল্প | |
| o | অতি | |
| u | উল্টা | |
Consonants[edit]
| IPA | bnPR | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| b | বাগান | |
| bʱ | ভারত | |
| tɕ | চাল | |
| tɕʰ[1] | ছেলে | |
| d̪ | দিন | |
| d̪ʱ | ধান | |
| d | ডান্ডা | |
| dʱ | ঢাকা | |
| ɡ | গোরু | |
| ɡʱ | ঘোড়া | |
| ɦ | হাওয়া | |
| dʑ | জামা | |
| dʑʱ | ঝরনা | |
| k | কাগজ | |
| kʰ | খারাপ | |
| l | লবণ | |
| m | আম | |
| n | নকল | |
| p | পানি | |
| f | ফুল | |
| ɹ | রাত | |
| ɽ~ɹ | বড় | |
| ɽʱ~ɽ~ɹ | গাঢ় | |
| ʃ | সরষে | |
| s[2] | সির্কা | |
| t̪ | তাল | |
| t̪ʰ | থালা | |
| t | টান | |
| tʰ | ঠেক | |
| z[3] | জিন্দাবাদ |
Semivowels[edit]
| IPA | Examples |
|---|---|
| j | |
| w | |
| e̯ | |
| o̯ |
Notes[edit]
- ^ Also occurs as an allophone of /s/ or /ʃ/ before rhotic consonants.
- ^ Generally occurs word-initially and/or before dental, lateral and rhotic consonants. /s/ also occurs in loanwords, although it is often replaced with /ʃ/. [s] occurs as an allophone of /tɕʰ/ when geminated.
- ^ Generally occurs in loanwords, often replaced with /dʑ/. [z] occurs as an allophone of /dʑ/ or /dʑʱ/ before dental consonants.