Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/selbaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *selbʰ- (“one's own”), from the reflexive pronoun *swé (“self”). Compared with Venetic sselb-.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
*selbaz
Inflection[edit]
Although the word was clearly an a-stem, in Gothic only the weak inflection was used, and West Germanic the weak inflection was mostly used as well. Old Norse uses only the strong inflection. It's unknown what the Proto-Germanic usage was, and what the difference in meaning was, if any.
Declension of *selbaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *selbaz | *selbai | *selbō | *selbôz | *selbą, -atō | *selbō |
| Accusative | *selbanǭ | *selbanz | *selbǭ | *selbōz | *selbą, -atō | *selbō |
| Genitive | *selbas, -is | *selbaizǫ̂ | *selbaizōz | *selbaizǫ̂ | *selbas, -is | *selbaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *selbammai | *selbaimaz | *selbaizōi | *selbaimaz | *selbammai | *selbaimaz |
| Instrumental | *selbanō | *selbaimiz | *selbaizō | *selbaimiz | *selbanō | *selbaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *selbô | *selbaniz | *selbǭ | *selbōniz | *selbô | *selbōnō |
| Accusative | *selbanų | *selbanunz | *selbōnų | *selbōnunz | *selbô | *selbōnō |
| Genitive | *selbiniz | *selbanǫ̂ | *selbōniz | *selbōnǫ̂ | *selbiniz | *selbanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *selbini | *selbammaz | *selbōni | *selbōmaz | *selbini | *selbammaz |
| Instrumental | *selbinē | *selbammiz | *selbōnē | *selbōmiz | *selbinē | *selbammiz |
Descendants[edit]
- Old English: self, seolf, sylf, selfa
- Old Frisian: self, selva
- Old Saxon: self, selvo
- Old Dutch: selvo
- Old High German: selb, selbo
- Old Norse: sjalfr, *sealfʀ; sjálfr
- Gutnish: självar
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰 (silba)