Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *ḱel- (“to incline”).

Root

*ḱley-

1. to lean
2. slope

Derived terms

► Terms derived from the PIE root *ḱley-

• *ḱl̥-né-y- ~ *ḱl̥-n-y- (nasal-infix present) (often replaced by *ḱli-n-)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: κλίνω (klínō)
  • Italic: *kl(e)inō
    • Latin: clīnō (in compounds only)
• *ḱley-wos or *ḱloy-wos
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: šleĩvas
  • Germanic: *hlaiwaz m, *hlaiwą n (“burial mound”)
    • Old English hlæw m, hlaw m
      • English low, -low
    • Old Saxon: hlēo m
    • Old High German: lēo m
    • Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅 n (hlaiw)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: clīvus (“slope”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Albanian:
    • Albanian: qetë, qye
  • Armenian:
    • (perhaps) Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)
    • (perhaps) Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Slavic: *slojь
      • Bulgarian: слой (sloj)
      • Czech: sloj
      • Russian: слой (sloj)
      • Serbo-Croatian: sloj
  • Celtic: *klēyos (“from the wrong side; left, north”)
    • Brythonic:
      • Breton: kleiz
      • Cornish: cleth
      • Welsh: cledd
    • Irish: clé
  • Germanic: *hlinjaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Iranian:
    • Middle Persian [script needed] (srat, “ladder”)
      • Persian سرت (sart, “ladder”) (dialectal)

References

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
• Rix, Helmut (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, ISBN 3-89500-219-4
• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill