Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/oḱtṓw
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/oḱtṓw)
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Formally the dual of a stem *(H)oḱto- (“four fingers”). This erstwhile singular seems to appear in Avestan 𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬌- (ašti-, “breadth of four fingers”) and appears to have been borrowed into Proto-Kartvelian as *otxo- (“four”).
Numeral
[edit]| < 7 | 8 | 9 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : *oḱtṓw Ordinal : *oḱtowós[7] | ||
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Albanian: *aktṓ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Lycian: 𐊀𐊆𐊗𐊙𐊗𐊀 (aitãta)
- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aśtṓ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *oxtū (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *ahtōu (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *oktṓ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haštā́ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *oktō (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *óktä[6]
Derived terms
[edit]- *oḱtṓw-o- (“eighth”)
- *oḱtódḱomt (“eighty”)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὀκτώ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1066
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “aṣṭá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 63-64
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “octō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 424-5
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “aštuoni”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 64-65
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*oxtū”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 304
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “okt”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 115-116
- ^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 18: “*oḱtṓw”
- ^ Lundquist, Jesse, Yates, Anthony D. (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Proto-Indo-European, page 2104: “*ok̑tṓ(u)”
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “ok̑tō(u)”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 775
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “oktante”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 116
Further reading
[edit]- Bjørn, Rasmus (2019) “Nouns and Foreign Numerals: Anatolian ‘Four’ and the Development of the PIE Decimal System”, in Matilde Serangeli and Thomas Olander, editors, Dispersals and Diversification: Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives on the Early Stages of Indo-European (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 19), Leiden and Boston: Brill, , pages 57, 62–64
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