Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьsь

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьśь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wiśis, from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ-.

Akin to Latvian vìesis (“visitor”), Lithuanian viešis (“guest”). Further related to Latin vīcus (“village”), Proto-Germanic *wīkō (“settlement”), which may be the origin of Old Norse víkingr (“viking”). The latter was borrowed into Slavic as Proto-Slavic *vitędzь (“hero, knight”).

Noun

*vь̀sь f

1. hamlet, village

Declension

Declension of *vь̀sь (i-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vь̀sь	*vьsì	*vьsì
genitive	*vь̀si	*vь̀sьju, *vьšu*	*vьsь̀jь, *vь̀si*
dative	*vьsì	*vь̀sьma	*vьsь̀mъ
accusative	*vь̀sь	*vьsì	*vьsì
instrumental	*vь̀sьjǫ, *vь̀šǫ*	*vь̀sьma	*vь̀sьmī
locative	*vь̀si	*vь̀sьju, *vьšu*	*vьsь̀xъ
vocative	*vьsi	*vьsì	*vьsì

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *vьsьcь, *vьsьka (diminutive)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: вьсь (vĭsĭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: весь (vesʹ)
      • Belarusian: весь (vjesʹ), вёска (vjóska)
  • Russian: весь (vesʹ) (dated or in set expressions)
    • ⇒ Russian: ве́слина (véslina), весца́ (vescá) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: вьсь (vĭsĭ)
  • Bulgarian: вес (ves), ве́сец (vésec) (historical)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ва̑с

    Latin script: vȃs

    • Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: ves
  • Slovene: vȃs (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: wies
  • Old Czech: ves
    • Czech: ves
  • Old Polish: wieś
    • Masurian: ziesz
    • Polish: wieś
    • Silesian: wieś
  • Polabian: vas
  • Slovak: ves, Ves
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wjas
    • Upper Sorbian: wjes

References

Further reading

• Verweij, Arno (1994) “Quantity Patterns of Substantives in Czech and Slovak”, in Dutch Contributions to the Eleventh International Congress of Slavists, Bratislava (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics)‎^[2], volume 22, Editions Rodopi B.V., page 517
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “весь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress