Appendix:Toki Pona/en

Toki Pona

Glyph origin

sitelen pona
sitelen sitelen

• sitelen pona: From the plus symbol (+), used for addition.

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts

Proto-Indo-European *-i

Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti

Proto-Germanic *andi

Proto-West Germanic *andi

Old Dutch ande

Middle Dutch ende

Dutch ender.

Toki Pona en

From Dutch en (“and”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /en/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -en

Conjunction

en

1. (between subjects) and

Usage notes

• It is used only to separate multiple subjects, but not objects or predicates.

• As an April Fool's joke in 2021, Sonja Lang claimed that en is a subject marker, which is dropped when at the start of a sentence. In this usage, it could be used alongside li and e to allow for free word order.

References

• Sonja Lang (2014), Toki Pona: The Language of Good, →ISBN, page 125