Istanbul

See also: İstanbul

English

Alternative forms

• İstanbul (rare)
• Stambul
• Stamboul

Etymology

From Turkish İstanbul, from Ottoman Turkish استانبول (İstanbul), a corruption of Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”), which is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.

Pronunciation

• (Western) IPA^(key): /ɪstænˈbʊl/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

• (Indic) IPA^(key): /ɪsˈt̪ɑnbʊl/

Proper noun

Istanbul

2. A Turkish city, and the largest European city by population, which was the last capital of the Ottoman Empire and the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).
   • 2014 July 21, Ivan Watson, “Loud, anarchic, quirky: My love affair with Istanbul”, in CNN‎^[1]:

     Nearly a century ago, my grandfather passed through Istanbul en route to Europe along with hordes of other White Russians fleeing the Russian civil war.

3. A province in Turkey.

Synonyms

• Byzantium, Byzantion, Constantinople (all historical)

Derived terms

• Istanbulite

Translations

largest city of Turkey and last capital of the Ottoman Empire

• Abkhaz: Асҭампыл (Astampʼəl)
• Acehnese: Éseutamu
• Afrikaans: Istanboel, Istanbul
• Albanian: Stamboll m
• Amharic: ኢስታንቡል (ʾistanbul)
• Arabic: إِسْطَنْبُول f (ʔisṭanbūl), إِسْتَنْبُول f (ʔistanbūl), إستانبول f

  Egyptian Arabic: استانبول

  Hijazi Arabic: إسطنبول f (ʔisṭanbūl)

• Aramaic: ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ
• Armenian: Ստամբուլ (Stambul), Պոլիս (Polis)
• Avar: Истамбул (İstambul), Стамбул (Stambul)
• Azerbaijani: İstanbul (az)

  Arabic: ایستانبول

  Cyrillic: Истанбул

• Basque: Istanbul (eu)
• Bavarian: Istanbul
• Belarusian: Стамбу́л m (Stambúl)
• Bengali: ইস্তাম্বুল (bn) (istambul)
• Bulgarian: Истанбу́л m (Istanbúl), Царигра́д m (Carigrád), Константино́пол m (Konstantinópol)
• Carpathian Rusyn: Істанбу́л m (Istanbúl)
• Catalan: Istanbul
• Chechen: Истмала (İstmala)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 伊斯坦布爾 / 伊斯坦布尔 (zh) (Yīsītǎnbù'ěr) (mainland China), 伊斯坦堡 (zh) (Yīsītǎnbǎo) (Taiwan)

• Chuvash: Стамбул (Stambul)
• Corsican: Istanbul
• Crimean Tatar: İstanbul
• Czech: Istanbul (cs) m, Cařihrad (cs) m
• Danish: Istanbul
• Dutch: Istanboel n
• Esperanto: Istanbulo
• Estonian: Istanbul (et)
• Extremaduran: Estambul
• Faroese: Istanbul, Miklagarður m (historical)
• Finnish: Istanbul (fi) (Turkey); Konstantinopoli (fi) (Ottoman Empire)
• French: Istanbul (fr) m
• Gagauz: İstanbul
• Galician: Istambul (gl)
• Georgian: სტამბოლი (sṭamboli)
• German: Istanbul (de) n
• Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολη (el) f (Konstantinoúpoli), Πόλη (el) f (Póli)

  Ancient: Κωνσταντινούπολις f (Kōnstantinoúpolis)

• Gujarati: ઇસ્તંબૂલ n (istambūl)
• Hausa: Santambul
• Hebrew: אִיסְטַנְבּוּל f (istanbul)
• Hindi: इस्तांबुल m (istāmbul)
• Hungarian: Isztambul (hu)
• Icelandic: Istanbúl f, Mikligarður m
• Indonesian: Istambul
• Irish: Iostanbúl m
• Italian: Istambul (historical), Istanbul (it), Stambul (historical)
• Japanese: イスタンブール (ja) (Isutanbūru)
• Javanese: Istambul, Stambul
• Kabyle: Istambul
• Kazakh: Ыстамбұл (Ystambūl), Стамбұл (Stambūl)
• Korean: 이스탄불 (ko) (Iseutanbul)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: ئەستەمبوڵ (estembull)

  Northern Kurdish: Stembol (ku), Stenbol (ku)

• Kyrgyz: Стамбул (Stambul), Ыстанбул (ky) (Istanbul)
• Ladino: Estanbol
• Lak: Истамбул (Istambul)
• Latin: Bȳzantium (la) n, Cōnstantīnopolis f
• Latvian: Stambula
• Laz: ისტანბოლი (isťanboli), მპოლი (mp̌oli)
• Lithuanian: Stambulas
• Macedonian: Истанбул m (Istanbul), Цариград m (Carigrad), Константино́пол m (Konstantinópol)
• Malay: Istanbul, Setambul (dated)
• Maltese: Istanbul
• Marathi: इस्तांबुल (istāmbul)
• Mingrelian: სტამბოლი (sṭamboli)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: Стамбул (Stambul)

• Nepali: इस्तानबुल (istānabul)
• Norman: Coustantinobles
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: Istanbul

  Nynorsk: Istanbul

• Occitan: Istambol
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: Цѣсар҄ь Градъ m (Cěsarʹĭ Gradŭ), Истанбоулъ m (Istanbulŭ)

• Old English: Constantinopolis
• Old Norse: Miklagarðr
• Ottoman Turkish: استانبول (İstanbul)
• Pashto: استانبول
• Persian: استانبول (fa) (estânbol)
• Polish: Stambuł (pl) m, Istambuł (pl) m
• Portuguese: Istambul
• Romanian: Istanbul, Stambul m
• Russian: Стамбу́л (ru) m (Stambúl), (historical) Царьгра́д (ru) m (Carʹgrád), Константино́поль (ru) m (Konstantinópolʹ)
• Samogitian: Stanbols
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Истанбул m, Цариград m, Константинопољ m

  Roman: Istanbul (sh) m, Carigrad (sh) m, Konstantinopolj m

• Slovak: Carihrad m, Istanbul m, (historically) Konštantínopol m, (historically) Konštantinopol m
• Slovene: Ístanbul m, Carigrad m
• Somali: Istanbuul
• Spanish: Estambul (es) m
• Swedish: Istanbul (sv)
• Tamil: இசுதான்புல் (icutāṉpul)
• Tatar: Истанбул (İstanbul)
• Thai: อิสตันบูล (ís-dtân-buul)
• Turkish: İstanbul (tr)
• Turkmen: Stambul
• Ukrainian: Стамбу́л (uk) m (Stambúl)
• Urdu: اِسْتَن٘بول m (istaṉbol)
• Uyghur: ئىستانبۇل (istanbul)
• Uzbek: Istanbul
• Vietnamese: Tân La Mã
• Welsh: Istanbwl (cy)
• West Frisian: Istanbûl
• Yakut: Истанбул (Istanbul)
• Yiddish: סטאַמבול (stambul), איסטאַנבול (Istanbul)
• Zazaki: Estanbol (Southern), İstambol (Southern)

Constantinople — see Constantinople

See also

• Ankara, second largest city and capital of the Republic of Turkey.

Anagrams

• stub nail

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [is.təmˈbul]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [is.tamˈbul]

Proper noun

Istanbul m

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɪstanbul]

Proper noun

Istanbul m inan (relational adjective istanbulský, demonym Istanbulan)

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)

   Synonyms: (former name before 330 CE) Byzantion, (used especially in a historical context) Cařihrad, (former name, 330-1930 CE) Konstantinopol

2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Declension

Declension of Istanbul (sg-only hard masculine inanimate)

	singular
nominative	Istanbul
genitive	Istanbulu
dative	Istanbulu
accusative	Istanbul
vocative	Istanbule
locative	Istanbulu
instrumental	Istanbulem

Further reading

• “Istanbul”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
• “Istanbul”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From Turkish İstanbul, from Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “in the City”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈistanbul/, [ˈisd̥amˌb̥ul]

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Dutch

Alternative forms

• Istanboel
• Stamboel

Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish İstanbul, corruption of Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪs.tɑnˌbul/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Is‧tan‧bul

Proper noun

Istanbul n

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Faroese

Etymology

From Turkish İstanbul, from the Byzantine Greek phrase εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”).

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)

Declension

	singular
	indefinite
nominative	Istanbul
accusative	Istanbul
dative	Istanbuli
genitive	Istanbuls

Synonyms

• Konstantinopolis
• Miklagarður

Finnish

Etymology

From Turkish İstanbul.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈistɑnbul/, [ˈis̠tɑ̝mbul]
• Rhymes: -istɑnbul
• Syllabification^(key): Is‧tan‧bul
• Hyphenation^(key): Is‧tan‧bul

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Declension

Inflection of Istanbul (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		Istanbul	—
genitive		Istanbulin	—
partitive		Istanbulia	—
illative		Istanbuliin	—
		singular	plural
nominative		Istanbul	—
accusative	nom.	Istanbul	—
	gen.	Istanbulin
genitive		Istanbulin	—
partitive		Istanbulia	—
inessive		Istanbulissa	—
elative		Istanbulista	—
illative		Istanbuliin	—
adessive		Istanbulilla	—
ablative		Istanbulilta	—
allative		Istanbulille	—
essive		Istanbulina	—
translative		Istanbuliksi	—
abessive		Istanbulitta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Istanbul (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Istanbulini — accusative nom. Istanbulini — gen. Istanbulini genitive Istanbulini — partitive Istanbuliani — inessive Istanbulissani — elative Istanbulistani — illative Istanbuliini — adessive Istanbulillani — ablative Istanbuliltani — allative Istanbulilleni — essive Istanbulinani — translative Istanbulikseni — abessive Istanbulittani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Istanbulisi — accusative nom. Istanbulisi — gen. Istanbulisi genitive Istanbulisi — partitive Istanbuliasi — inessive Istanbulissasi — elative Istanbulistasi — illative Istanbuliisi — adessive Istanbulillasi — ablative Istanbuliltasi — allative Istanbulillesi — essive Istanbulinasi — translative Istanbuliksesi — abessive Istanbulittasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Istanbulimme — accusative nom. Istanbulimme — gen. Istanbulimme genitive Istanbulimme — partitive Istanbuliamme — inessive Istanbulissamme — elative Istanbulistamme — illative Istanbuliimme — adessive Istanbulillamme — ablative Istanbuliltamme — allative Istanbulillemme — essive Istanbulinamme — translative Istanbuliksemme — abessive Istanbulittamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Istanbulinne — accusative nom. Istanbulinne — gen. Istanbulinne genitive Istanbulinne — partitive Istanbulianne — inessive Istanbulissanne — elative Istanbulistanne — illative Istanbuliinne — adessive Istanbulillanne — ablative Istanbuliltanne — allative Istanbulillenne — essive Istanbulinanne — translative Istanbuliksenne — abessive Istanbulittanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative Istanbulinsa — accusative nom. Istanbulinsa — gen. Istanbulinsa genitive Istanbulinsa — partitive Istanbuliaan Istanbuliansa — inessive Istanbulissaan Istanbulissansa — elative Istanbulistaan Istanbulistansa — illative Istanbuliinsa — adessive Istanbulillaan Istanbulillansa — ablative Istanbuliltaan Istanbuliltansa — allative Istanbulilleen Istanbulillensa — essive Istanbulinaan Istanbulinansa — translative Istanbulikseen Istanbuliksensa — abessive Istanbulittaan Istanbulittansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Derived terms

• istanbulilainen (“Istanbulite”)

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.tɑ̃.bul/

Proper noun

Istanbul ?

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

German

Alternative forms

• Stambul (archaic)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪs.tamˌbuːl/, (also) /ˈiːs-/, /-tan-/, /-ˌbʊl/ (all combinations possible)

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Proper noun

Istanbul n (proper noun, genitive Istanbuls or (optionally with an article) Istanbul)

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Italian

Alternative forms

• Istambul

Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish İstanbul.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈis.tam.bul/

Proper noun

Istanbul ?

1. Istanbul (the capital city of Turkey)

   Synonyms: (historical) Costantinopoli, (ancient) Bisanzio

Related words

• stambuliota (“from Istanbul”)

Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪs.tamˈbuːl/

• Audio (Gozo):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːl

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (the capital city of Turkey)

Norwegian Bokmål

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Portuguese

Proper noun

Istanbul f

1. (proscribed) alternative spelling of Istambul

Usage notes

The Portuguese-Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990 recommends the use of nativized placenames (instead of unadapted borrowings or partial calques) if these are established in the language. As such, the form Istambul is preferred.

Romanian

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǐstanbul/
• Hyphenation: I‧stan‧bul

Proper noun

Ìstanbul m inan (Cyrillic spelling Ѝстанбул)

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Declension

Declension of Istanbul

	singular
nominative	Istanbul
genitive	Istanbula
dative	Istanbulu
accusative	Istanbul
vocative	Istanbule
locative	Istanbulu
instrumental	Istanbulom

See also

• Càrigrād
• Konstantinòpolj / Konstantinòpol

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /íːstanbul/

Proper noun

Ȋstanbul m inan

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nominative	Ístanbul
genitive	Ístanbula
	singular
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	Ístanbul
genitive (rodȋlnik)	Ístanbula
dative (dajȃlnik)	Ístanbulu
accusative (tožȋlnik)	Ístanbul
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	Ístanbulu
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	Ístanbulom

Related terms

• Ístanbulčan / Ístanbulčanka
• ístanbulski

Swedish

Proper noun

Istanbul n (genitive Istanbuls)

1. Istanbul (a city in Turkey)
2. Istanbul (a province in Turkey)

Tausug

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔistanbul/ [ʔɪs.t̪amˈbul]
• Rhymes: -ul
• Syllabification: Is‧tan‧bul

Proper noun

Istanbul (Sulat Sūg spelling اِسْتَنْبُلْ)

1. Istanbul

Turkish

Proper noun

Istanbul

1. misspelling of İstanbul