Lochlannach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish Lochlannach. By surface analysis, Lochlann +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ˠɔxl̪ˠən̪ˠəx/, /ˈl̪ˠɔxɾˠən̪ˠəx/ (by dissimilation)
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ˠoxl̪ˠən̪ˠəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ˠɔxlˠən̪ˠa(x)/

Adjective

Lochlannach (genitive singular masculine Lochlannaigh, genitive singular feminine Lochlannaí, plural Lochlannacha, not comparable)

1. Scandinavian, Nordic

   Synonym: Nordach

2. (historical) Viking, Norse

   Synonym: Uigingeach

Declension

Declension of Lochlannach

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	Lochlannach	Lochlannach	Lochlannacha
vocative	Lochlannaigh		Lochlannacha
genitive		Lochlannaí	Lochlannacha	Lochlannach
dative	Lochlannach	Lochlannach; Lochlannaigh (archaic)	Lochlannacha
Comparative	(not comparable)
Superlative	(not comparable)

Derived terms

• beoir Lochlannach (“heather-ale”)

Related terms

• Lochlannais (“Norse”) (language)

Noun

Lochlannach m (genitive singular Lochlannaigh, nominative plural Lochlannaigh)

1. Scandinavian
2. (historical) Viking, Norseman

   Synonym: Uigingeach

3. (by extension) marauder, robber

Declension

Declension of Lochlannach (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative Lochlannach Lochlannaigh vocative a Lochlannaigh a Lochlannacha genitive Lochlannaigh Lochlannach dative Lochlannach Lochlannaigh forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an Lochlannach na Lochlannaigh genitive an Lochlannaigh na Lochlannach dative leis an Lochlannach don Lochlannach leis na Lochlannaigh

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “Lochlannach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “Lochlannach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “Lochlannach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Old Irish

Etymology

From Lochlann +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈl̪o.xlə.n̪əx/
  • (Blasse) [ˈl̪o.xla.n̪ax]
  • (Griffith) [ˈl̪o.xlə.n̪əx]

Adjective

Lochlannach

1. Norse

Inflection

o/ā-stem

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	Lochlannach	Lochlannach	Lochlannach
vocative	Lochlannaig* Lochlannach**
accusative	Lochlannach	Lochlannaig
genitive	Lochlannaig	Lochlannaige	Lochlannaig
dative	Lochlannach	Lochlannaig	Lochlannach
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	Lochlannaig	Lochlannacha
vocative	Lochlannachu Lochlannacha†
accusative	Lochlannachu Lochlannacha†
genitive	Lochlannach
dative	Lochlannachaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: Lochlannach
• Manx: Loghlynagh
• Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach

Noun

Lochlannach m

1. Norseman

Inflection

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	Lochlannach	LochlannachL	LochlannaigL
vocative	Lochlannaig	LochlannachL	LochlannachuH
accusative	LochlannachN	LochlannachL	LochlannachuH
genitive	LochlannaigL	Lochlannach	LochlannachN
dative	LochlannachL	Lochlannachaib	Lochlannachaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: Lochlannach
• Manx: Loghlynagh
• Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach

Mutation

Mutation of Lochlannach

radical	lenition	nasalization
Lochlannach also Llochlannach in h-prothesis environments	Lochlannach pronounced with /l-/	Lochlannach also Llochlannach

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Lochlannach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish Lochlannach. By surface analysis, Lochlann +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ˠɔxl̪ˠən̪ˠəx/, (rarely, corresponding to the form Lochlainneach) /ˈl̪ˠɔxl̪ˠɪɲəx/
• (Colonsay, Islay) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ˠɔxərˠn̪ˠɑx/ (by dissimilation, corresponding to the form Locharnach)

Adjective

Lochlannach (genitive singular masculine Lochlannaich)

1. Scandinavian
2. (dated) Norwegian

   Synonym: Nirribheach

3. (historical) Viking

Derived terms

• fiadh-Lochlannach (“reindeer”)
• giuthas-Lochlannach (“Norway spruce”)
• lach-Lochlannach (“eider duck”)
• seabhag-Lochlannach (“gyrfalcon”)

Noun

Lochlannach m (genitive singular Lochlannaich, nominative plural Lochlannaich)

1. Scandinavian
2. (dated) Norwegian

   Synonym: Nirribheach

3. (historical) Viking
4. (regional or rare) person from the Lochs district, Isle of Lewis

Related terms

• Lochlannais f (“Norwegian”) (language)

See also

• Nirribhidh

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Lochlannach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language