Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*teh₂-

1. to melt
2. to flow, stream

Extensions

• *teh₂-bʰ(H)-
  • >? Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: τῖφος (tîphos, “pond, swamp”)
  • *teh₂-bʰ-eh₁- (“to be melting”)
    • Proto-Italic: *tāfē-
      • Latin: tābēs (“melting, decay”), tābēo (“to rot, decay”), tābum (“gore”)
• *teh₂-dʰ(h₁)-
  • Proto-Celtic: *tādeti (“to melt”)
    • Proto-Brythonic: *tọðɨd
      • Old Breton: todint
        • Middle Breton: teuziff
          • Breton: teuziñ
      • Cornish: tedha
      • Welsh: toddaf, toddi
• *teh₂-k- (“to melt”)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: τήκω (tḗkō, “to melt”), τηκτός (tēktós, “molten”)
    • Doric Greek: τάκω (tákō, “to melt”)
  • Proto-Iranian: *taHč- (“to melt”)
    • Khotanese: byāj- (“to dissolve”)
    • Northern Kurdish: bihoştin, bihoj- (“to melt”)
    • Parthian: wdc- (“to melt”), w(y)d’c- (“to dissolve”)
    • Middle Persian:
      • Manichaean Middle Persian: wdc- (“to melt”)
      • Book Pahlavi: wt’c- (widāz-, “to melt”), wt’cyn- (widāzēn-, “to cause to melt”)
        • Persian: گداختن (godâxtan), گداز (godâz, “to smelt, melt”)
          • Tajik: гудохтан (gudoxtan)
    • Sogdian: [script needed] (wyt’wxs, “to disappear, melt away”), [script needed] (wyt’yc, “to melt”)
• *teh₂-w- (“to melt”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *þawjaną (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂-‎ (3 c, 0 e)

• *teh₂-
  • Proto-Celtic: *tāyeti (“to melt”)
    • Old Irish: taíd
  • Proto-Iranian: *taH- (“to flow; to melt”)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Khwarezmian: t’sy- (“to melt”)
      • Ossetian:
        • Digor Ossetian: тайун (tajun, “to melt, thaw”), уодайун (uodajun, “to wet, soak”)
        • Iron Ossetian: та́йын (tájyn, “to melt, thaw”), у́дайын (údajyn, “to wet, soak”)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Awromani: [script needed] (tāwiā́y)
      • Gurani: [script needed] (-tāwin-, “to melt”)
      • Kurdish:
        • Central Kurdish: تاویانەوە (tawyanewe), توانەوە (twanewe, “to dissolve, melt”)
  • Proto-Slavic: *tàjati (“to thaw”) (see there for further descendants)
• *teh₂-(e)y-nos
  • Proto-Germanic: *þainaz (“wet, moist”)
    • Old English: þān
      • Middle English: *than, *thon
        • English: thone, thoan
        • Scots: thane, thain
• *teh₂-m-us
  • Proto-Celtic: *tāmus
    • Old Irish: tám (“plague, death”)
• *th₂-es-yeh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *tasyā
    • Old Irish: taise (“dampness; corpse, decay”)
• *th₂-es-yós
  • Proto-Celtic: *tasyos
    • Old Irish: tais (“damp, moist; soft, spongy”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Old Armenian: թանամ (tʿanam, “to make wet”), թան (tʿan, “soup”), թանչ (tʿančʿ, “dysentery”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Baltic:
    • Lithuanian: tyras
    • Latvian: tīrelis (“moor”)
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *þaisimô (see there for further descendants)
  • >? Proto-Celtic: *tīn
  • Sanskrit: तामर (tāmara, “water”), तोयम् (toyam, “water”), Sanskrit: तोशते (tośate, “drip, distil, trickle”), possibly Sanskrit: तुषार (tuṣāra, “rain, mist, drizzle, sleet, snow; frigid, wet”).

Etymology 2

Root

*teh₂-

2. Alternative form of *steh₂-

Derived terms

• *th₂-dʰló-m
  • >? Proto-Italic: *taðlom
    • Latin: tabulum, tabula (see there for further descendants)