Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/brīgos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrḗǵʰ-o-s, thematized from *bʰrḗǵʰ-s ~ *bʰréǵʰ-s, from liquid metathesized *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise; high”),^[1] compare cognates Latin fortis (“strong, powerful”), Sanskrit बृहत् (bṛhat, “mighty, strong”). Alternatively related to Proto-West Germanic *krīgan (“to strive”) and Ancient Greek βρῖθος (brîthos, “weight”), from hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *gʷreyH-,^[2] however the Greek is likely a substrate borrowing,^[3] and neither is semantically compelling.^[4]

Noun

*brīgos m^[1]^[5]

power
worth

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brīgos	—	—
vocative	*brīge	—	—
accusative	*brīgom	—	—
genitive	*brīgī	—	—
dative	*brīgūi	—	—
locative	*brīgei	—	—
instrumental	*brīgū	—	—

Related terms

*brīgā

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *briɣ
- Middle Breton: bry
- Middle Cornish: bry
  - Cornish: bri
- Middle Welsh: bri
  - Welsh: bri
Gaulish: *brīgos^[6]
- → Vulgar Latin: *brīgus
  - >? Italian: briga (see there for further descendants)
  - Old Occitan: briu
    - Catalan: briu
    - → Spanish: brío
      - → Italian: brio
        → English: brio
        → French: brio
    - →? Old Galician-Portuguese: brio
      - Galician: brío
      - Portuguese: brio
  - >? Sicilian: sbriguni

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*brigo/ā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 77-78
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “g^u̯erī̆-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 477
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βρί”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 239
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*krigan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 304-305
^ Koch, John (2004), “*brīgā-, *brīgo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[2], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, pages 261-262
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “brigo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 88

[EDPC-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*brigo/ā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 77-78

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “g^u̯erī̆-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 477

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βρί”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 239

[4] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*krigan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 304-305

[5] Koch, John (2004), “*brīgā-, *brīgo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[2], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, pages 261-262

[6] Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “brigo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 88

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