Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/lasketi

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lh₂p-sḱéti, (bearing the present-forming suffix *-sḱéti), from the telic root *leh₂p- (“to light, shine”). Related to Ancient Greek λάμπω (lámpō, “I shine”).

Verb

*lasketi

1. to burn

Inflection

Thematic present
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*laskū	*laskemam	?	—
2nd singular	*laskesi	*lasketās	?	—
3rd singular	*lasketi	*lasketo	?	—
1st plural	*laskomosi	*laskemo	?	—
2nd plural	*lasketesi	*laskestē	?	—
3rd plural	*laskonti	*laskento	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	?	—
2nd singular	?	?	*laske
3rd singular	?	?	*lasketou
1st plural	?	?	*laskomos
2nd plural	?	?	*laskete
3rd plural	?	?	*laskontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*laskūr	—	?	—
2nd singular	*lasketar	—	?	—
3rd singular	*lasketor	?	?	—
1st plural	*laskommor	—	?	—
2nd plural	*laskedwe	—	?	—
3rd plural	*laskontor	?	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	—	—
2nd singular	?	—	—
3rd singular	?	—	—
1st plural	?	—	—
2nd plural	?	—	—
3rd plural	?	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskonts	*laskonte	*laskontes
vocative	*laskonts	*laskonte	*laskontes
accusative	*laskontam	*laskonte	*laskontans
genitive	*laskantos	*?	*laskantom
dative	*laskantei	*laskantbom	*laskantbos
instrumental	*laskantī?	*laskantbim	*laskantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskantī	*laskantī	*laskantiyās
vocative	*laskantī	*laskantī	*laskantiyās
accusative	*laskantīm	*laskantī	*laskantiyans
genitive	*laskantyās	*?	*laskantyom
dative	*laskantyāi	*laskantyābom	*laskantyābos
instrumental	*?	*laskantyābim	*laskantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskont	*?	*laskonta
vocative	*laskont	*?	*laskonta
accusative	*laskont	*?	*laskonta
genitive	*laskantos	*?	*laskantom
dative	*laskantei	*?	*laskantbos
instrumental	*laskantī?	*?	*laskantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskomnos	*laskomnou	*laskomnoi
vocative	*laskomne	*laskomnou	*laskomnoi
accusative	*laskomnom	*laskomnou	*laskomnons
genitive	*laskomnī	*laskomnous	*laskomnom
dative	*laskomnūi	*laskomnobom	*laskomnobos
instrumental	*laskomnū	*laskomnobim	*laskomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskomnā	*laskomnai	*laskomnās
vocative	*laskomnā	*laskomnai	*laskomnās
accusative	*laskomnam	*laskomnai	*laskomnans
genitive	*laskomnās	*laskomnous	*laskomnom
dative	*laskomnai	*laskomnābom	*laskomnābos
instrumental	*?	*laskomnābim	*laskomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laskomnom	*laskomnou	*laskomnā
vocative	*laskomnom	*laskomnou	*laskomnā
accusative	*laskomnom	*laskomnou	*laskomnā
genitive	*laskomnī	*laskomnous	*laskomnom
dative	*laskomnūi	*laskomnobom	*laskomnobos
instrumental	*laskomnū	*laskomnobim	*laskomnobis

Reconstruction notes

• The causative counterpart to this verb must have been formed after laryngeals were vocalized and lost, since the o-grade of this root should result in a long *ā as in *rādīti. Such a secondary causative *loskīti merged with the original intransitive verb in Insular Celtic.
• LIV assumes the root-final consonant -p- > -ɸ- > -x- was lost in Proto-Celtic, maybe to eliminate the possibility of /x/ appearing in Brittonic.

Derived terms

• *losk-os
  • Proto-Brythonic: *llosk
    • Breton: losk
    • Old Cornish: losc
      • Cornish: losk
    • Middle Welsh: losc
      • Welsh: llosg

Related terms

• *laxsaros

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic:
  • Middle Breton: lesquiff
    • Breton: leskiñ, loskiñ
  • Cornish: leski
  • Middle Welsh: llosgi
    • Welsh: llosgi
• Old Irish: loscaid
  • Irish: loisc
  • Manx: losht
  • Scottish Gaelic: loisg