Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/makʷos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative forms

• *makʷkʷos (with secondary gemination)

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱwos, from *meh₂ḱ- (“to raise, grow”). Compare Latin macer (“lean, thin”), Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long, tall”), Proto-Germanic *magraz (“lean, meager”).

Noun

*makʷos m

1. son

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*makʷos	*makʷou	*makʷoi
vocative	*makʷe	*makʷou	*makūs
accusative	*makʷom	*makʷou	*makoms
genitive	*makʷī	*makʷous	*makʷom
dative	*makūi	*makʷobom	*makʷobos
locative	*makʷei	*?	*?
instrumental	*makū	*makʷobim	*makʷūis

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *mab
  • Old Breton: map, mab
    • Middle Breton: mab
      • Breton: mab
  • Old Cornish: mab, map
    • Cornish: mab
  • Old Welsh: map
    • Middle Welsh: map
      • Welsh: mab
• Gaulish: mapos

From *makʷkʷos with secondary gemination:

• Primitive Irish: ᚋᚐᚊᚔ (maqi, genitive), ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi), ᚋᚐᚊ (maq), ᚋᚐᚉᚉᚔ (macci)
  • Old Irish: macc (genitive singular maicc^L, meicc)
    • Middle Irish: mac
      • Irish: mac
      • Manx: mac
      • Scottish Gaelic: mac