Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/marwos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Matasović argues that this adjective is from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead”), from *mer- (“to die”); the *-t- would have been replaced with *-w- by analogy to the antonym *gʷih₃wós (“alive”) (whence Proto-Celtic *biwos).

Adjective

*marwos

1. dead

Inflection

O/ā-stem

masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwos	*marwou	*marwoi
vocative	*marwe	*marwou	*marwoi
accusative	*marwom	*marwou	*marwons
genitive	*marwī	*marwous	*marwom
dative	*marwūi	*marwobom	*marwobos
instrumental	*marwū	*marwobim	*marwobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwā	*marwai	*marwās
vocative	*marwā	*marwai	*marwās
accusative	*marwam	*marwai	*marwans
genitive	*marwās	*marwous	*marwom
dative	*marwai	*marwābom	*marwābos
instrumental	*?	*marwābim	*marwābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwom	*marwou	*marwā
vocative	*marwom	*marwou	*marwā
accusative	*marwom	*marwou	*marwā
genitive	*marwī	*marwous	*marwom
dative	*marwūi	*marwobom	*marwobos
instrumental	*marwū	*marwobim	*marwobis

Declension of the comparative

masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwyūs	*?	*marwyoses
vocative	*marwyūs	*?	*marwyoses
accusative	*marwyosam	*?	*marwyosans
genitive	*marwisos	*?	*marwisom
dative	*marwisei	*?	*marwisbos
instrumental	*marwisī	*?	*marwisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwyūs	*?	*marwyoses
vocative	*marwyūs	*?	*marwyoses
accusative	*marwyosam	*?	*marwyosans
genitive	*marwisos	*?	*marwisom
dative	*marwisei	*?	*marwisbos
instrumental	*marwisī	*?	*marwisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*marwis	*?	*?
vocative	*marwis	*?	*?
accusative	*marwis	*?	*?
genitive	*marwisos	*?	*marwisom
dative	*marwisei	*?	*marwisbos
instrumental	*marwisī	*?	*marwisbis

Derived terms

• *marwāti
• *marwonatus

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *marw
  • Middle Breton: marf, maru
    • Breton: marv
  • Cornish: marow
  • Middle Welsh: marw
    • Welsh: marw
• Old Irish: marb
  • Irish: marbh
  • Manx: marroo
  • Scottish Gaelic: marbh