Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/reteti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”).

Verb

*reteti^[1]

to run

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*retū	*retemam	*retsū	*rāta
2nd singular	*retesi	*retetās	*retsesi	*rātas?
3rd singular	*reteti	*reteto	*retseti	*rāte
1st plural	*retomosi	*retemo	*retsomosi	*rātmo
2nd plural	*retetesi	*retestē	*retsetesi	*rāsse
3rd plural	*retonti	*retento	*retsonti	*rātars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*retsū	?	—
2nd singular	*retsesi	?	*rete
3rd singular	*retseti	?	*retetou
1st plural	*retsomosi	?	*retomos
2nd plural	*retsetesi	?	*retete
3rd plural	*retsonti	?	*retontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*retūr	—	*retsūr	*rātra
2nd singular	*retetar	—	*retsetar	*rātras?
3rd singular	*retetor	?	*retsetor	*rātre
1st plural	*retommor	—	*retsommor	?
2nd plural	*retedwe	—	*retsedwe	?
3rd plural	*retontor	?	*retsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*retsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*retsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*retsetor	—	—
1st plural	*retsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*retsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*retsontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retonts	*retonte	*retontes
vocative	*retonts	*retonte	*retontes
accusative	*retontam	*retonte	*retontans
genitive	*retantos	*?	*retantom
dative	*retantei	*retantbom	*retantbos
instrumental	*retantī?	*retantbim	*retantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retantī	*retantī	*retantiyās
vocative	*retantī	*retantī	*retantiyās
accusative	*retantīm	*retantī	*retantiyans
genitive	*retantyās	*?	*retantyom
dative	*retantyāi	*retantyābom	*retantyābos
instrumental	*?	*retantyābim	*retantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retont	*?	*retonta
vocative	*retont	*?	*retonta
accusative	*retont	*?	*retonta
genitive	*retantos	*?	*retantom
dative	*retantei	*?	*retantbos
instrumental	*retantī?	*?	*retantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retomnos	*retomnou	*retomnoi
vocative	*retomne	*retomnou	*retomnoi
accusative	*retomnom	*retomnou	*retomnons
genitive	*retomnī	*retomnous	*retomnom
dative	*retomnūi	*retomnobom	*retomnobos
instrumental	*retomnū	*retomnobim	*retomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retomnā	*retomnai	*retomnās
vocative	*retomnā	*retomnai	*retomnās
accusative	*retomnam	*retomnai	*retomnans
genitive	*retomnās	*retomnous	*retomnom
dative	*retomnai	*retomnābom	*retomnābos
instrumental	*?	*retomnābim	*retomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*retomnom	*retomnou	*retomnā
vocative	*retomnom	*retomnou	*retomnā
accusative	*retomnom	*retomnou	*retomnā
genitive	*retomnī	*retomnous	*retomnom
dative	*retomnūi	*retomnobom	*retomnobos
instrumental	*retomnū	*retomnobim	*retomnobis

Derived terms

*kom-to-ɸare-uss-ressom (“incursion”)
- Old Irish: comthururas

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *rrėdɨd
- Old Breton: retec
  - Middle Breton: redec
    - Breton: redek
- Middle Cornish: resek
  - Cornish: resek
- Old Welsh: redec
  - Welsh: rhedeg
Old Irish: reithid, rethid, rethith
- Middle Irish: reithid
  - Irish: rith
  - Manx: roie
  - Scottish Gaelic: ruith

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*ret-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 310

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*ret-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 310

[1]