Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kantadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *kanta-.[1] Cognates include Proto-Samic *kuontētēk, Erzya кандомс (kandoms).
Verb
[edit]Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *kantadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kandan | *kandoin | — | *kantagon |
| 2nd sing. | *kandat | *kandoit | *kandak | *kantagos |
| 3rd sing. | *kantabi *kanta |
*kantoi | *kantagasën | *kantagosën |
| 1st plur. | *kandakma | *kantoima | *kantagatëma | *kantagotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *kandakta | *kantoida | *kantagata | *kantagotta |
| 3rd plur. | *kantabat *kanta |
*kantoi | *kantagasën | *kantagosën |
| passive | *kandaksën *kandat'aksën |
*kantadisën *kandattisën |
*kantadakahën *kandattakahën |
*kantadakohën *kandattakohën |
| connegative | *kandak | — | *kantagak | *kantagok |
| passive connegative | *kandaktak | — | *kantadagak *kandattagak |
*kantadagok *kandattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kandakcin | *kantoicin | *kantanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kandakcit | *kantoicit | *kantanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kandakci | *kantoici | *kantani | |
| 1st plur. | *kandakcima | *kantoicima | *kantanëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *kandakcita | *kantoicita | *kantanëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *kandakci | *kantoici | *kantani | |
| passive | *kantadakcihën *kandat'akcihën |
*kantadicihën *kandatticihën |
*kantadanëhën *kandattanëhën | |
| connegative | *kandakcik | *kantoicik | *kantanëk | |
| passive connegative | *kantadakcik *kandat'akcik |
*kantadicik *kandatticik |
*kantadanëk *kandattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kantadak | present | *kantaba | *kantadapa *kandattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *kantadë- | past | *kantanut | *kantadu *kandattu |
| gerund/supine | *kantama | negative | *kantamat'oin | |
| action noun | *kantaminën | |||
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: kandma/kanda
- Finnish: kantaa
- Ingrian: kantaa
- Karelian: kantoa
- Livonian: kandõ, (Salaca) kann
- Livvi: kandua
- Ludian: kanta
- Veps: kantta
- Võro: kandma/kandaq
- Votic: kanta
References
[edit]- ^ Santeri Junttila, Petri Kallio, Sampsa Holopainen, Juha Kuokkala, Juho Pystynen, editors (2020–), “kantaa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*kanta-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)