Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainalif

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Compound of *ainaz (“one”) and *-lif (“left over”), from *lībaną (“to remain, be left”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯.nɑ.liɸ/

Numeral

Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers

<  10	11	12  >
Cardinal : *ainalif     Ordinal : *ainaliftô     Multiplier : *ainaliffalþaz

*ainalif

1. eleven

Descendants

• Old English: endleofan, enlefen; endlufon
  • Middle English: elleven, eleven, elleovene, ellevene, ellevyn, endleve, enleve, enleven
    • English: eleven
    • Middle Scots: ane-levin, alevin, ellevin, elevin, levin
      • Scots: eleiven, eleeven
• Old Frisian: andlova, alleva, elleva
  • North Frisian: alwen
  • Saterland Frisian: alwen
  • West Frisian: alve
• Old Saxon: ellevan
  • Middle Low German: elvene
    • Low German:
      • Dutch Low Saxon: elf
      • German Low German: elf, eleve, ölve, ölven

        Hamburgisch: ülben, ölben

      • Westphalian:

        Sauerländisch: elf, elwe, elbe, elwene, elewe, elef, elewene, elewen

        Westmünsterländisch: elf

    • Plautdietsch: alf
• Old Dutch: *ellef
  • Middle Dutch: ellef, elf
    • Dutch: elf
      • Afrikaans: elf
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: alfu, elfu
      • Jersey Dutch: ālf
      • Negerhollands: elf, elef
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: elk
      • → Sranan Tongo: erfu
        • → Aukan: elufu
        • → Saramaccan: elúfu
• Old High German: einlif
  • Middle High German: einlif, einlef, eilif, eilef, eilf
    • Alemannic German: eintlef, einlef
    • Bavarian:

      Cimbrian: ölbe

    • Central Franconian: ellef
    • German: elf
    • Luxembourgish: eelef
    • Rhine Franconian:

      Pennsylvania German: elf

    • Vilamovian: alf
    • Yiddish: עלף (elf)
• Old Norse: ellifu
  • Icelandic: ellefu
  • Faroese: ellivu
  • Norwegian: elleve
  • Jamtish: elluv
  • Elfdalian: ellåv
  • Old Swedish: ællivu, ællivo, ællevo, ælleve, ælleva, ællovo, ællova
    • Swedish: elva, (archaic or dialectal) ellova
  • Old Danish: ællifu, ællæuæ, ælløuæ, ællefue
    • Danish: elleve
  • Gutnish: elve, elvå, elvu
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌻𐌹𐍆 (ainlif)