Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑi̯z/

Noun

*aiz n

1. copper, bronze
2. ore

Inflection

Was originally a regular z-stem, but the older nominative singular alternant *ajaz > *āz was levelled out in favour of the oblique stem *aiz. This made it indistinguishable from a neuter consonant stem.

neuter consonant stemDeclension of *aiz (neuter consonant stem)
	singular
nominative	*aiz
vocative	*aiz
accusative	*aiz
genitive	*aiziz
dative	*aizi
instrumental	*aizē

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *aiʀ
  • Old English: ār
    • Middle English: ore (merged with ōra)
      • English: ore
      • Scots: ure, uir
  • Old Frisian: *ār, ēr
    • Saterland Frisian: Oare, Orre
  • Old Saxon: ēr
    • Middle Low German: ēr
  • Old Dutch: *ēr
    • Middle Dutch: êer
  • Old High German: ēr
    • Middle High German: er
      • Alemannic German: Eer
        • ⇒ Alemannic German: eerig
    • ⇒ Old High German: ērīn
      • Middle High German: ērīn
        • German: ehern
• Old Norse: eir
  • Icelandic: eir
  • ⇒ Faroese: eirdómur, eirgingin, eirgrønur, eiring
  • Norwegian: eir, irr
  • Old Swedish: ēr
    • Swedish: ärg
  • Danish: er, ir
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌶 (aiz)