Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōtijaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From *bōtō (“improvement, recompense”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA(key): /ˈbɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb[edit]

*bōtijaną[1][2]

  1. to improve
  2. to compensate, pay a fine

Inflection[edit]

Conjugation of *bōtijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bōtijō *bōtijaų — *bōtijai ?
2nd singular *bōtīsi *bōtijais *bōtī *bōtijasai *bōtijaisau
3rd singular *bōtīþi *bōtijai *bōtijaþau *bōtijaþai *bōtijaiþau
1st dual *bōtijōs *bōtijaiw — — —
2nd dual *bōtijaþiz *bōtijaiþiz *bōtijaþiz — —
1st plural *bōtijamaz *bōtijaim — *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
2nd plural *bōtīþ *bōtijaiþ *bōtīþ *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
3rd plural *bōtijanþi *bōtijain *bōtijanþau *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bōtidǭ *bōtidēdį̄
2nd singular *bōtidēz *bōtidēdīz
3rd singular *bōtidē *bōtidēdī
1st dual *bōtidēdū *bōtidēdīw
2nd dual *bōtidēdudiz *bōtidēdīdiz
1st plural *bōtidēdum *bōtidēdīm
2nd plural *bōtidēdud *bōtidēdīd
3rd plural *bōtidēdun *bōtidēdīn
present past
participles *bōtijandz *bōtidaz

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bōtō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 72: “*bōtjan-”
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*bōtjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 52
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