Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brekaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]- to break
Inflection
[edit]| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *brekō | *brekaų | — | *brekai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *brikizi | *brekaiz | *brek | *brekazai | *brekaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *brikidi | *brekai | *brekadau | *brekadai | *brekaidau | |
| 1st dual | *brekōz | *brekaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *brekadiz | *brekaidiz | *brekadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *brekamaz | *brekaim | — | *brekandai | *brekaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *brikid | *brekaid | *brikid | *brekandai | *brekaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *brekandi | *brekain | *brekandau | *brekandai | *brekaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *brak | *brēkį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *braht | *brēkīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *brak | *brēkī | ||||
| 1st dual | *brēkū | *brēkīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *brēkudiz | *brēkīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *brēkum | *brēkīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *brēkud | *brēkīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *brēkun | *brēkīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *brekandz | *brukanaz | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-West Germanic: *brekan
- Gothic: 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (brikan)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*brekan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*brekanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
- ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970), “BREK-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 132