Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brunjǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly borrowed from Proto-Celtic *brunnyos, from earlier *brusnyos (“breast; hill”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbrun.jɔ̃ː/

Noun

*brunjǭ f^[1]^[2]

Inflection

Declension of *brunjǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*brunjǭ	*brunjōniz
vocative	*brunjǭ	*brunjōniz
accusative	*brunjōnų	*brunjōnunz
genitive	*brunjōniz	*brunjōnǫ̂
dative	*brunjōni	*brunjōmaz
instrumental	*brunjōnē	*brunjōmiz

Derived terms

*Brunjōhildiz

Related terms

*breustą (possibly)

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *brunnjā
- Old English: byrne
  - Middle English: burne
    - English: byrnie / brinie
- Old Saxon: brunnia
- Old High German: brunna, prunna, (dat.) prunni^[3]
  - German: Brünne
- → Early Medieval Latin: brunia
  - Old French: bronie
    - French: broigne
Old Norse: brynja, ᛒᚱᚢᚾᛁᛅ (brunia)
- Icelandic: brynja
- Faroese: brynja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: brynja, brynju, brynje
- Old Swedish: brynia, brønia
  - Swedish: brynja
- Danish: brynje
  - Norwegian Bokmål: brynje
- → Middle English: brinie
  - English: byrnie, brinie
  - Scots: byrnie
Gothic: 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō)
- →? Proto-Slavic: *brъňa (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*brunjōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 80: “OIr. bruinne m. 'breast' < *bʰrus-n-io-, for which see *breusta-”
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*brunjōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58
^ Schatz, Josef, 1871-1950 (1907), Altbairische Grammatik, Laut- und Flexionslehre (Grammatiken der althochdeutschen Dialekte; I. Band.) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, page 129: “Zum yä-Stamm brunjä Brünne sind belegt: Nom, Sing, prunna Gl 1,507,64. 2,730,41; dagegen Dat. prunni 1,556,28 und mit der Endung der schwachen Fem. Dat. Sing, prunun 4,222,43 (oder ist prunnu zu lesen?). Vergl. Prunihilt Salzb Vb 34,10, Prunhilt 28,7, Preis 438. 516. ― For the yä-stem *brunjä Brünne, the following are documented: Nom. Sing. prunna Gl 1,507,64. 2,730,41; however, Dat. prunni 1,556,28 and with the ending of the weak Fem. Dat. Sing. prunun 4,222,43 (or is prunnu to be read?). Compare Prunihilt Salzb Vb 34,10, Prunhilt 28,7, Price 438. 516.”

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*brunjōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 80: “OIr. bruinne m. 'breast' < *bʰrus-n-io-, for which see *breusta-”

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*brunjōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58

[3] Schatz, Josef, 1871-1950 (1907), Altbairische Grammatik, Laut- und Flexionslehre (Grammatiken der althochdeutschen Dialekte; I. Band.) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, page 129: “Zum yä-Stamm brunjä Brünne sind belegt: Nom, Sing, prunna Gl 1,507,64. 2,730,41; dagegen Dat. prunni 1,556,28 und mit der Endung der schwachen Fem. Dat. Sing, prunun 4,222,43 (oder ist prunnu zu lesen?). Vergl. Prunihilt Salzb Vb 34,10, Prunhilt 28,7, Preis 438. 516. ― For the yä-stem *brunjä Brünne, the following are documented: Nom. Sing. prunna Gl 1,507,64. 2,730,41; however, Dat. prunni 1,556,28 and with the ending of the weak Fem. Dat. Sing. prunun 4,222,43 (or is prunnu to be read?). Compare Prunihilt Salzb Vb 34,10, Prunhilt 28,7, Price 438. 516.”

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