Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mikilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”) +‎ *-ilaz. The suffix may have been added due to analogy with *lītilaz/*lūtilaz (“little”), but it also might be old: compare Proto-Celtic *maglos and Ancient Greek μεγᾰ́λος (megálos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ki.lɑz/

Adjective

*mikilaz (comparative *maizô, superlative *maistaz)

1. great, large
2. much, many (large amount of)

Inflection

Declension of *mikilaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*mikilaz	*mikilai	*mikilō	*mikilôz	*mikilą, -atō	*mikilō
Accusative	*mikilanǭ	*mikilanz	*mikilǭ	*mikilōz	*mikilą, -atō	*mikilō
Genitive	*mikilas, -is	*mikilaizǫ̂	*mikilaizōz	*mikilaizǫ̂	*mikilas, -is	*mikilaizǫ̂
Dative	*mikilammai	*mikilaimaz	*mikilaizōi	*mikilaimaz	*mikilammai	*mikilaimaz
Instrumental	*mikilanō	*mikilaimiz	*mikilaizō	*mikilaimiz	*mikilanō	*mikilaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*mikilô	*mikilaniz	*mikilǭ	*mikilōniz	*mikilô	*mikilōnō
Accusative	*mikilanų	*mikilanunz	*mikilōnų	*mikilōnunz	*mikilô	*mikilōnō
Genitive	*mikiliniz	*mikilanǫ̂	*mikilōniz	*mikilōnǫ̂	*mikiliniz	*mikilanǫ̂
Dative	*mikilini	*mikilammaz	*mikilōni	*mikilōmaz	*mikilini	*mikilammaz
Instrumental	*mikilinē	*mikilammiz	*mikilōnē	*mikilōmiz	*mikilinē	*mikilammiz

Synonyms

• *managaz

Antonyms

• *lītilaz

Derived terms

• *mikilį̄
• *mikiljaną
• *mikilōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *mikil
  • Old English: miċel, myċel, micil
    • Middle English: muchel, michel, mickle, mikel, mochel, mochell, mukel; muche
      • English: much

        Geordie English: mickle, muckle

      • Scots: mickle, mikil, mekil, mukill, muckle
      • Yola: mucha, muche, much
  • Old Saxon: mikil
    • Middle Low German: mēkel, mikel, michel
      • ⇒ Middle Low German: Mēkelenborch
        • German Low German: Mękelnborg
          • → German: Mecklenburg, Meklenburg , Meckelnburg, Mekelnburg, Meckelenburg
  • Old Dutch: mikil
    • Middle Dutch: mēkel
      • Dutch: mekel (archaic)
  • Old High German: mihhil
    • Middle High German: michel
      • German: michel
    • → Middle Low German: michel
• Old Norse: mikill, mykill
  • Icelandic: mikill
  • Faroese: mikil
  • Norn: mikkel, mukkel
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: mykjen, myken (-n from acc. mikinn)
  • Old Swedish: mykil, mykin
    • Swedish: mycken (archaic)
  • Old Danish: mikin
    • Danish: megen
      • Norwegian Bokmål: megen
  • ⇒ Old Norse: mikit n
    • Icelandic: mikið
    • Faroese: mikið
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: mykje, myket; (dialectal) mykji, mikje
    • Norwegian Bokmål: mye
    • Old Swedish: mykit
      • Swedish: mycket n
    • Old Danish: mikit n
      • Danish: meget
        • Norwegian Bokmål: meget
• Gothic: 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍃 (mikils)