Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrībaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Latin scrībō. Doublet of *hrībaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskriː.βa.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skrībaną

1. to write

   Synonym: *wrītaną

Inflection

Conjugation of *skrībaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skrībō	*skrībaų	—	*skrībai	?
2nd singular	*skrībizi	*skrībaiz	*skrīb	*skrībazai	*skrībaizau
3rd singular	*skrībidi	*skrībai	*skrībadau	*skrībadai	*skrībaidau
1st dual	*skrībōz	*skrībaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skrībadiz	*skrībaidiz	*skrībadiz	—	—
1st plural	*skrībamaz	*skrībaim	—	*skrībandai	*skrībaindau
2nd plural	*skrībid	*skrībaid	*skrībid	*skrībandai	*skrībaindau
3rd plural	*skrībandi	*skrībain	*skrībandau	*skrībandai	*skrībaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skraib	*skribį̄
2nd singular	*skraift	*skribīz
3rd singular	*skraib	*skribī
1st dual	*skribū	*skribīw
2nd dual	*skribudiz	*skribīdiz
1st plural	*skribum	*skribīm
2nd plural	*skribud	*skribīd
3rd plural	*skribun	*skribīn
	present	past
participles	*skrībandz	*skribanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *skrīban
  • Old English: sċrīfan
    • Middle English: shryven, schriven, shriven, schrifen, schrevyn, schryfen, schryvyn, sriven, shrive, shrife
      • English: shrive
      • Scots: schrive
  • Old Frisian: skrīva
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr-Amrum: skriiw

      Mooring: schriwe

      Sylt: skriiv

      Wiedingharde: skriwwe

    • Saterland Frisian: skrieuwe
    • West Frisian: skriuwe
  • Old Saxon: skrīvan
    • Middle Low German: schrîven
      • Low German: schrieven
  • Old Dutch: scrīvan
    • Middle Dutch: schriven
      • Dutch: schrijven
        • Afrikaans: skryf
        • Jersey Dutch: sxrāive
        • Negerhollands: skriev, skrif
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: screef
        • → Sranan Tongo: skrifi
          • → Aukan: sikiifi
          • → Saramaccan: sikíffi, sikifi
      • Limburgish: sjrieve
  • Old High German: skrīban, scrīban
    • Middle High German: schrīben
      • Alemannic German: schriibe
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: sraiban

      • Central Franconian: schrieve, schreiwe

        Hunsrik: schreive

      • German: schreiben
      • Luxembourgish: schreiwen
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Pennsylvania German: schreiwe

      • Vilamovian: śrajwa
      • Yiddish: שרײַבן‎ (shraybn)
• Old Norse: skrifa
  • Icelandic: skrifa
  • Faroese: skriva
  • Norwegian Bokmål: skrive
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skriva, skrive
  • Old Swedish: skriva
    • Swedish: skriva
    • → Elfdalian: skrieva
  • Danish: skrive