Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wakaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong, be awake, be fresh, be cheerful”). Cognate with Latin vegeō (“be quick, be aroused, be alert”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]Inflection
[edit]| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *wakō | *wakaų | — | *wakai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *wakizi | *wakaiz | *wak | *wakazai | *wakaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *wakidi | *wakai | *wakadau | *wakadai | *wakaidau | |
| 1st dual | *wakōz | *wakaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *wakadiz | *wakaidiz | *wakadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *wakamaz | *wakaim | — | *wakandai | *wakaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *wakid | *wakaid | *wakid | *wakandai | *wakaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *wakandi | *wakain | *wakandau | *wakandai | *wakaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *wōk | *wōkį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wōht | *wōkīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *wōk | *wōkī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wōkū | *wōkīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wōkudiz | *wōkīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wōkum | *wōkīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wōkud | *wōkīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wōkun | *wōkīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *wakandz | *wakanaz | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wakan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 568
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*waknēnan ~ *waknōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 441: “*wakanan”
Further reading
[edit]- Seebold, Elmar (1970), “WAK-NA-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 85) (in German), Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 535