Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéh₁s

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to put, place”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

*dʰéh₁s m (oblique stem *dʰh₁s-)^[1]^[2]

god, godhead, deity
sacred place

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*dʰéh₁s
genitive	*dʰh₁sés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dʰéh₁s	*dʰéh₁sh₁(e)	*dʰéh₁ses
vocative	*dʰéh₁s	*dʰéh₁sh₁(e)	*dʰéh₁ses
accusative	*dʰéh₁sm̥	*dʰéh₁sh₁(e)	*dʰéh₁sm̥s
genitive	*dʰh₁sés	*?	*dʰh₁sóHom
ablative	*dʰh₁sés	*?	dʰh₁smós, dʰh₁sbʰós
dative	*dʰh₁séy	*?	dʰh₁smós, dʰh₁sbʰós
locative	dʰéh₁s, dʰéh₁si	*?	*dʰh₁sú
instrumental	*dʰh₁séh₁	*?	dʰh₁smís, dʰh₁sbʰís

Derived terms

*dʰeh₁s-eh₂-li-^[3]
- Proto-Italic: *fēzālis
  - Latin: fērālis (see there for further descendants)
*dʰéh₁s-i-s
- >? Proto-Germanic: *dīsiz (“goddess”) (see there for further descendants)
*dʰh₁s-no-^[4]
- Proto-Italic: *faznom (see there for further descendants)
*dʰh₁s-o- (thematicized)^[1]
- Proto-Hellenic: *tʰehós (see there for further descendants)
- Phrygian: δεως (deōs)
- Lydian: tasẽn (“votive object”)
*dʰeh₁s-to-^[5]
- Proto-Italic: *fēstos
  - Latin: fēstus
*dʰeh₁s-yo-^[5]^[1]
- Proto-Hellenic: *tʰḗhios
  - Ancient Greek: θεῖος (theîos) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *fēsios
  - Latin: fēriae (see there for further descendants)
  - Oscan: 𐌚𐌉𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌀𐌉𐌔 (fiísíais), 𐌚𐌉𐌉𐌔𐌉𐌉𐌔 (fiisiis), 𐌚𐌉𐌔𐌉𐌀𐌝𐌔 (fisiaís, dat.-abl. pl.)
*dʰh₁s-*bʰh₂tós
- Proto-Hellenic: *tʰéspʰatos
  - Ancient Greek: θέσφατος (thésphatos, “decreed by a god/God”)^[6]
    - Greek: θέσφατο (thésfato)

Descendants

Proto-Armenian: *dʰēses (< the plural *dʰéh₁ses)^[2]
- Old Armenian: դիք pl (dikʻ)
  - → Armenian: դիք (dikʻ) (learned)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θεός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 540-541
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “di-kʿ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 239-240
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fērālis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 211-212
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fānum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fēriae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 212-213
^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 78

[Beekes-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θεός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 540-541

[Martirosyan-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “di-kʿ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 239-240

[DV_feralis-3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fērālis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 211-212

[DV_fanum-4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fānum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

[DV_feriae-5] 5.0 ^5.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fēriae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 212-213

[IELC-6] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 78

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