Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/melh₂-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European[edit]

Root[edit]

*melh₂- (imperfective)[1][2]

  1. to grind, to crush

Extensions[edit]

  • *melh₂-dʰh₁- (to beat, pound, grind)
    • ? *méldʰeti
    • ? Proto-Germanic: *meldǭ (see there for further descendants)
    • ? Proto-Hellenic:
    • *meldʰ-n- (lightning)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mildnis
        • Proto-Slavic: *mъldni (lightning) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Latvian: milna (hammer of the thunderer)
      • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Old Prussian: mealde (lightning)
      • ? Proto-Germanic: *meldunjaz
  • *melh₂-k-
    • *ml̥h₂-k-s
    • *ml̥h₂-k-os
    • Unsorted formations:
      • >? Proto-Celtic:
        • Old Irish: malcad (rottenness, putrefaction)
  • *melh₂-n-

Derived terms[edit]

  • *mélh₂-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • *mélh₂-ti (athematic root present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mélˀtei
      • Proto-Slavic: *melti (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *melam (see there for further descendants)
  • *ml̥-né-h₂-ti ~ *ml̥-n-h₂-énti (nasal-infix present)
  • *molh₂-e-ti (o-grade root present)
    • Proto-Germanic: *malaną (see there for further descendants)
  • *mélh₂-os
  • *melh₂-tlo- (perhaps)
  • *melh₂-wo-m
    • Proto-Albanian: *melwa
    • Proto-Germanic: *melwą (see there for further descendants)
  • *ml̥h₂-téh₂
    • Proto-Germanic: *muldō (see there for further descendants)
  • *molh₂-eh₂
    • Proto-Hellenic: *mólā
    • Proto-Italic: *molā
      • Latin: mola (see there for further descendants)
  • *molh₂-mo-s
    • Proto-Germanic: *malmaz (see there for further descendants)
  • *melh₂-no-
    • Proto-Italic:
      • Latin: malleus (see there for further descendants)
  • *mélh₂-om
  • *molh₂-to-s
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *moltъ (see there for further descendants)
  • *ml̥h₂- (zero-grade)
  • Unsorted formations:

References[edit]

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “molō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 547–548
  3. 3.0 3.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 443–444